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    Urban Political Machines-Basic Overview

    Discuss and analyze the urban political machine. Describe the causes of its formation, what it did, and its effectiveness. The solution offered is a very general, basic discussion of the function of the urban political machine in American politics. Links are provided to more detailed articles and sources.

    Describe how the federal government under Presidents Cleveland and Harrison

    Describe how the federal government under Presidents Cleveland and Harrison responded to the economic issues of tariffs, trusts, and railroads in the late 1800s. Again, this issue is a long, very involved question. Any section could easily be chosen and novels written on the topic. The solution offered briefly summarizes th

    First amendment freedoms

    Read the background for each first amendment freedoms (speech, religion, assembly, press) spotlighted below. answer the questions by inserting the answers where indicated... Please see the attached sheet, I am having a hard time understanding the dialogue from this era. I have started some of it, though I am not sure if I am

    Integration of Europe since World War II

    Question In the nearly fifty years since the end of World War II, the continent of Europe has become more tightly integrated than ever before. What forces have made for this increasing unity, and what are the political landmarks that chart its path?

    Perspective of the Pennsylvania farmer is the vantage point.

    Write a paper, written from the prospective of your chosen role (Pennylvania Farmer) that addresses how each of the following factors may affect your character: 1. The philosophical ideals embodied by the Declaration of Independence 2. The similarities and differences of the philosophies in the Articles of Confederation and

    History Topics

    Please help me identify why the following events are important for classroom discuss. The French Indian War The Great Awakening The War of 1812 The Monroe Doctrine Manifest Destiny Slavery as an Institution The Mexican American War The Union and the Civil War The Confederacy and the Civil Wa

    Nathanael Greene's Southern Campaign

    Discuss Nathanael Greene's Southern campaign. Why do some historians view Greene as being second only to Washington in importance in winning the war?

    American Colonies defeat of Great Britain

    How were the American colonies (United States) able to defeat Great Britain in the War for Independence? How did the leadership of George Washington contribute to this victory?

    Summary of J. Hector St. John de Crevecoeur's 1782 letter

    A short Summary using sections 49-51 of J. Hector St. John de Crévecoeur's 1782 letter, "What Is an American," According to Crévecoeur, what distinguishes an American from a European? Explain how life in the British North American colonies contributed to the creation of a unique American identity. Provide examples. sectio

    Native American-European Settlers Relationship: Canadian History

    Please help me with the following essay question. Its a 1000 word essay. Thank you so much. Essay Question: To what extent were native peoples capable of making informed decisions and rational choices when determining the nature of their connection with European society?

    Juvenile

    Should juveniles charged with serious crimes such as murder be treated as adults? Can children have intent?

    Before the 18th century, the idea of enlightenment was confined only to Holland and England. After the peace of Utrecht in 1713, it began to spread towards France. The French philosophers were great writers and intellectuals. Some of the great French philosophers of the time were Montesquieu, Voltaire and Rousseau. Montesquieu was influenced by the philosophy of John Locke and he wrote "The Spirit of the Laws." One of the greatest literary works of Voltaire was "Candida." Jean Jacques Rousseau wrote "Social Contract." His love for liberty could be seen in his famous quote, "Man is born free, but everywhere is in chains." The French enlightenment had also deeply influenced the English thinkers. The spirit of enlightenment also spread to Europe. Many of the great American leaders were influenced by the enlightenment thoughts. Great American political leaders like Thomas Jefferson, George Washington, John Adams and Benjamin Franklin were all influenced by the English and French philosophers. Thomas Paine's pamphlet, the Common Sense sparked off revolution in the American colonies. The Declaration of independence borrowed heavily from the works of the enlightenment thinkers. The enlightenment ideas like natural law or self-determination had its roots in the enlightenment philosophies.

    Western idea of Enlightenment was based on belief in reason. Its fundamental thinking was based on nature and aimed at human progress. Before the 18th century, the idea of enlightenment was confined only to Holland and England. After the peace of Utrecht in 1713, the idea of enlightenment began to spread towards France. The

    The two early English joint-stock companies were Virginia Company of Plymouth and Virginia company of London. Basically, there were three types of English colonies; Royal colonies, Proprietary colonies and self-governing colonies. The first Royal colony, Virginia was started under the Joint stock Company of London. When the colony was developed, the colonists formed the General Assembly and later the House of Burgesses. House of Burgesses was the first representative government in the New World. After the Mayflower Compact of 1620, the settlers of Plymouth colony decided to rule themselves and thus began the idea of self-government. Massachusetts Bay Colony was functioned at first with the help of General Court. Religion played an important part in the administration. The economies of the New England colonies were based on agriculture, fishing, manufacturing, ship building and trade. The Middle Colonies were ruled by the royal governor. The colonists were dependent on the production of grain, shipping, and fur trade. There were three groups of people in the middle colonies; the gentry, rich and best educated. The middle colonies were known as the "bread basket" of the colonies. Southern colonies had a system of plantations. In the beginning, there was the system of indentured servitude, but later they had brought African slaves and started the system of slavery.

    The serious colonial explorations began with the launch of two Joint stock companies; Virginia Company of Plymouth and Virginia company of London Basically, there were three types of English colonies; Royal colonies, Proprietary colonies and self-governing colonies. New Hampshire, New York, New Jersey, Virginia, North Carol

    Massachusetts Bay colony was established in 1620 by the separatist puritans. John Winthrop developed the community based on the Bible. The colony functioned under a system known as the congregationalism and the church attendance was compulsory. There was male supremacy. The economy of the colony was based on fishing and trade. The main natural resource of the colony was timber and it was used for ship building. The Royal colony of Virginia was established by John Smith in 1607. Plantations in Virginia were tobacco, wheat and corn. In 1619, the colonists formed the House of Burgesses, the first representative government in the New World. There was indentured servitude, but later the colonists began to bring Africans to start the system of slavery. Religion was a fundamental part of the life of the people of Virginia. The colonists were Anglicans and Protestants. The royal governor was in charge of the colony who established Justices of peace to look after the affairs of the colony.

    Massachusetts Bay Colony: Massachusetts Bay colony was established in 1620 under the wake of the religious persecution in England by the separatists Puritans. Their main purpose was to establish a theocracy. Under the leadership of John Winthrop, the colony was greatly developed and the community functioned based on the Bibl

    The end of the Mexican War created bitter sectional conflict between Northern Whigs and Southern Democrats. The solution to the tensions came to an end with the introduction of Wilmot Provisions in 1846. The Wilmot provisions prohibited slavery in the newly acquired territories from Mexico. Southerners opposed the Wilmot provisions and in the long run it was not able to pass in the Senate. Eventhough, Wilmot provisions did not become law, it fuelled once more the sectionalism in the politics of United States. The failure to reach a solution on Wilmot provisions led to the rise of another term known as the "Popular Sovereignty." According to the new theory, the people of the new territories would decide, whether they need slavery or not. The issue of Popular Sovereignty did not remain during 1840s but it continued to be debated even during the next decade. Another important event before the Civil war was the founding of the Free Soil party in 1848. The Free Soil Party opposed the extension of slavery in the west and favored free land for homesteaders. The sectional issues continued to dominate the politics of the country. In 1850, Henry Clay in an effort to solve all the outstanding issues presented a series of resolutions known as Omnibus bill, but it failed. In the congress the issue of compromise of 1850 was taken over by Stephen Douglas. The Congress was able to pass the compromise of 1850. Another important event in 1850 which led to the sectional conflict was the publication of the book Uncle Tom's Cabin by Harriet Beecher Stowe. The novel had terrific impact on the nation that about two million copies of the books were sold in 1852. The piece of legislation introduced in 1854 by Stephen Douglas had shattered the sectional peace. The Kansas Nebraska Act created two territories Kansas and Nebraska. The Act had wounded the feelings of Northerners and they blamed Douglas for supporting the southerners. Another gruesome incident in the history of sectional issue was the bleeding Kansas. The Kansas Nebraska Act stipulated that issue of slavery in the territory would be decided on the basis of popular vote. Both Northerners and Southerners fought each other to occupy the state. The situation became grave when John Brown, an abolitionist and his followers killed five men in 1856. It was followed by violence to revenge the attacks of John Brown. In the end, the bloody conflict in Kansas claimed the life of about 200 men. In the Dred Scott case in the Supreme Court, Justice Tanney ruled that Dred Scott had no right to sue in the Federal Court because slaves and free blacks were not the citizens of United States. He further ruled that congress had no right to ban slavery in any territory as it would be violate the Fifth Amendment. In essence, he ruled that the Missouri Compromise was unconstitutional. The ruling of the Supreme Court further created a great division in the country over the issue of slavery. The last event before the Civil war was Lincoln Douglas debate over the issue of slavery in 1858. Although, Lincoln failed to win the Senate seat of Illinois, the debates brought him to the national spotlight.

    The end of the Mexican War created bitter sectional conflict between Northern Whigs and Southern Democrats. The abolitionists of the North feared that the slavery would be extended to the newly acquired territories while the southerners feared that if the slavery was abolished, they would loose their power in the congress.

    US Constitution Ratification Arguments

    Creation of the U.S. Constitution   From the perspective of a Pennsylvania farmer, please address how each of the following factors may have affected him:   ·         The philosophical ideals embodied by the Declaration of Independence ·         The similarities and differences of the philosophies in th