Films

Thin-Film optics is the study of optics that deals with thin structured layers of different material. In order to exhibit thin-film optics, the thickness of the layers of material must be on the order of the wavelengths of visible light. This is able 500nm. The layers have reflective properties due to light wave interference and the difference in refractive index between the layers, the air and the substrate. These effects alter the way the optic reflects and transmits light. It is called thin-film interference.

Thin film layers can be achieved through the deposition of one or more thin layers of material onto a substrate in manufacturing. Often this is achieved by using physical vapor deposition process or a chemical process. Thin films are used to create optical coating used in everyday life such as low emissivity panes of glass, anti-reflective coatings on glasses and mirrors.

Thin-film layers can be observed in the natural world. Their effects produce colors from soap bubbles and oil slicks. Thin-film layers also can be seen in the structural coloration of some animals. Iridescent colors that were once thought to result from planar laws turn out to result from more complex period photonic crystal structures in thin-film layers.

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Image and blurred region size

A radiograph is made of an object with a width of 3 mm using an x-ray tube with a 2 mm focal spot at a source-to-film distance of 100 cm. The object being imaged is 15 cm from the film. Find the size of the image and the size of the blurred region at its edges.

Screen position from the movie projector

A movie projector at the theater uses a simple lens. If the lens has a focal length of 20cm, and the object--the film is placed 22cm from the lens, how far away should the screen be placed for good focus?

Explain how aliasing causes this effect

Watching a "Western" on television, you may have noticed that sometimes the wheels on a fast stagecoach appear to be rotating backward. Explain how aliasing causes this effect.

Thickness of Electrostatic Clamps

Electrostatic clamps are used for holding workpieces while they are being machined, for holding silicon wafers during electron beam microfabrication, etc. They comprise an insulated conducting plate maintained at a potential of several thousand volts covered with a thin insulating sheet. The workpiece or the wafer rests on the

In a thin water

In a thin water film in air, there are exactly 80 wavelengths of blue light inside the film. the reflected light from the two surfaces of the film will a. be deficent in blue light b. be brightest in the blue part of the specrtum c. have the normal amount of blue light d. none of the above

Capacitance of a parallel plate capacitor with dielectric.

17.68) A capacitor is made from two parallel conducting plates, each with an area of 860 squared. The plates are separated by a dielectric film 0.250 mm thick. Measurements show that the potential difference between the plates is 185 V when the charge on the plates is 1.75 uC. (a) What is the capacitance of the capacitor? (b) Wh

How to implode a 44 gallon drum

I am doing a low budget film shoot in australia that requires ( as a comedy skit) a 44 gallon drum to imlode. I need to find a safe way to do this. There are no requirements for any actors to be close to the drum. I need to know how to achieve this effect, cheaply and safely. anyone out there with a solution?

Calculating the temperature gradient in a bar whose one end is kept in ice and the other in steam.

A uniform copper bar 50 cm long is insulated on the sides and has its ends exposed to ice and steam respectively. If there is a layer of water 0.1 mm thick at each end, calculate the temperature gradient in the bar at steady state. Thermal conductivity of copper = 1.04 cgs units Thermal conductivity of water = 0.0014 cgs u