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Diet for Patient with Atherosclerosis

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Case Study: Diet for a Patient with Atherosclerosis

Jack Sprat is a 55-year-old gentleman who underwent coronary artery bypass graft to treat atherosclerosis. He returns to his internist's office where you work as a nurse practitioner. Jack reads a lot of books and watches movies about fast foods, saturated fat, and cholesterol. He asks for your opinion of what is the best diet for him. How will you advise him?

Jack's lunch diet recall is as follows:

Turkey with Swiss on rye with thousand island dressing

SunChips

Diet Coke

Based on the Jack Sprat's case study answer the following questions:

What recommendations will you make to improve the nutritional profile of Jack's lunch?

What dietary advice would you give to patients like Jack Sprat who have hypertension?

Would you suggest that Jack limit fats in his diet? What are specific fatty acids in specific foods he should eat more of?

What would you recommend in relation to dietary cholesterol?

Should Jack eat more whole, unprocessed, plant foods such as fruits, vegetables, whole grains, nuts, and legumes? Why or why not?

What fatty foods should Jack eat less of?

Where would you direct Jack for more information on the subject?

This needs to be in APA style with references..

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Solution Summary

This detailed solution outlines a suggested diet for a patient with atherosclerosis. The patient's name is Jack Sprat, and his lunch is reviewed to improve its' nutritional profile. Also dietary advice is given for patient's with hypertension. It outlines suggestions for limiting fats, and what specific fatty acids in specific foods he should eat more of. It also discusses dietary cholesterol and if Jack should eat more whole, unprocessed plant foods such as fruits, vegetables, whole grains, nuts, and legumes and why or why not. It discusses what fatty foods Jack should eat less of, and where Jack can find more information. It includes links and examples.

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Atherosclerosis is characterized by the formation of plaque, oxidized LDL cholesterol, macrophages, cellular debris, foam cells, fibrin, and calcium on the inner lining of the coronary artery wall. A risk factor for this disease would be high serum cholesterol levels. Since the plaque that develops in the arterial walls is composed partly of fats and cholesterols it is important to reduce total serum cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol. In order to do this Mr. Sprat will need to make some dietary changes. Mr. Sprat could utilize the guidelines suggested from the American Heart Association, the National Institutes of Health, the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute or use the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP). In addition, the DASH (Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension) is a popular diet to modify the serum lipid profile. Mr. Sprat should work on consuming less than 300 mg of cholesterol a day, with a breakdown of less than 7% saturated fat, 10-15% mono-unsaturated fat, and up to 10% polyunsaturated fat. 50-60% of Mr. Sprat's diet should be carbohydrates, and up to 20% should be protein (U.S. ...

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Sally Baldwin, Ed.D
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  • BA, University of Southern California
  • MSS, United States Sports Academy
  • Ed.D, Boise State University
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