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HIV & Breast-feeding/Childhood Obesity & Exercise & Govermnt

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1.) HIV, the virus that causes AIDS, passes through breast-feeding to 1 in 7 infants born to HIV-infected mothers. However, in developing countries, some HIV-positive women are advised to breast-feed. Explain this advice, considering what you know about the benefits of breast-feeding.

2.) Childhood obesity is an epidemic in America. What is the relationship of poor nutrition and childhood obesity to disease? What role does exercise play, if any, in combating childhood obesity? What is the role of government, if any, to prevent this epidemic? Provide a rationale for your answer.

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Solution Summary

This solution discusses HIV and its effects on breast-feeding, as well as childhood obesity and the role played by various actors.

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1.) In developing countries HIV-infected mothers are advised to breast feed, in spite of the transmission of the HIV virus, through breast milk. There are several reasons for this. According to an Italian study, the "progression to AIDS was slower and survival longer in breastfed as opposed to formula fed HIV-infected children" (Humphrey, n/d). Breast milk passes on important nutrients that help protect the children, boosting their immune systems and aiding to proper growth. Breast milk may also be the only source of food readily available to the infant in many developing countries, since many mothers cannot afford or even have access to formula. Breastfeeding is also a cultural norm, and to deviate from this practice the mother runs the risk of exposing her HIV status and becoming a victim of negative social implications. In turn, to recommend avoiding all breastfeeding, to all women to avoid this stigma, would result in dangerous results since breastfeeding is the best source of nutrition for infants of healthy women. Recent studies encourage a shortened breastfeeding period with ...

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Sally Baldwin, Ed.D
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  • BA, University of Southern California
  • MSS, United States Sports Academy
  • Ed.D, Boise State University
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