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Operant and classical conditioning

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1. Define "learning," and explain what classical conditioning and operant conditioning (or instrumental conditioning) are, comparing how they are similar to or different from each other.

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This posting will look at operant and classical conditioning and explain their similarities and differences.

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I will begin by explaining classical conditioning. ??
The typical paradigm for classical conditioning involves repeatedly pairing a neutral stimulus with an unconditioned stimulus. An unconditioned response is formed by an unconditioned stimulus, a stimulus that elicits a response--known as an unconditioned response--that is automatic and requires no learning and are usually apparent in all species. The relationship between the unconditioned stimulus and unconditioned response is known as the unconditioned reflex. The conditioned stimulus is an initially neutral stimulus that elicits a response--known as a conditioned response--that is acquired through learning and can vary greatly amongst individuals. Conditioned stimuli are associated psychologically with conditions such as anticipation, satisfaction (both immediate and prolonged), and fear. The relationship between the conditioned stimulus and conditioned response is known as the conditioned (or conditional) reflex. ?In classical conditioning, when the unconditioned stimulus is repeatedly or strongly paired with a neutral stimulus the neutral stimulus becomes a conditioned stimulus and elicits a conditioned response. ?
?What does this mean? ...

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