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Phobias and Classical Conditioning

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1. Explore how phobias can be developed through classical conditioning.

2. Explore how addictions can be developed through operant conditioning.

3. Distinguish between classical and operant conditioning.

4. Explain what extinction means and how it is achieved in both classical and
operant conditioning.

Please provide references used.

Thank you for the assistance.

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Solution Summary

This solution discussed phobias as they pertain to classical and operant conditioning.

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1. Explore how phobias can be developed through classical conditioning.

Phobias are easily developed through classical conditioning. For example, a person can get taught to become afraid of spiders when a parent screams at them, he or she will do the same. Another instance is when a friend is up high and immediately starts yelling by saying, "I am going to die" because he or she thinks she will crash into the ground due to the fear of heights and never having the opportunity to overcome this by getting in a plane with someone the individual trusts. As one can tell, the unconditioned stimulus, such as spiders becomes a conditioned response when a person learns that he or she can scream and run away from the creature may or may not cause any harm.

2. Explore how addictions can be developed through operant conditioning.

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