Effective Leadership in a Global Constituency

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Hi Orlando,

Thank you for your patience. This particular task required a lot of planning and cross-referencing of related information. I am supposing that it is now that points in your studies where you have to condense the information, concepts and skills that you have so far learned to show your progress. This task appears complex at first but by putting together an outline, we can arrive at a structure to guide you. I suggest using this:

1. Introduction - what is the paper about, what is the relevance? Include main issues for comparison - 200 words
2. Country 1 - 200 words
3. Country 2 - 200 words
4. Country 3 - 200 words
5. Ethical models & country representation - 300 words
6. Opinion & Ethical model recommendations - 200 words

This outline should yield around 1,300 words which should cover what you need. The 2 countries I have used here to compare with the US have been exemplified primarily because of the availability of their programs online and my familiarity with their system. To compare, it is important to have access to materials that will provide the necessary information required. You can use the listed resources to further explore the topic. Just let me know if you have further questions on the information provided here. All the best with your studies.

Sincerely,
AE 105878/Xenia Jones

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Global Constituency & Leadership: Pandemic Influenza Preparedness

Introduction

Pandemic - the thought that it might happen brings forth worry and fear all over the world and pushes organizations, nations and state-unions to come up with ways to manage, deal with and avoid it from ever happening. But, should such a pandemic occur, being that diseases and new strains of viruses evolve to infect the human population, to avoid a pandemic - the radical spread of viruses that can easily affect humans due to little or no immunity - international organizations like the World Health Organization (WHO) as well as individual nation states have formulated scenarios and pandemic preparedness plan for specific diseases that can be easily communicable. Influenza is such a disease. Of recent, pandemics that have crossed continents and affected populations worldwide include the HIV pandemic and the H1N1 (avian flu virus) pandemic. According to the WHO, the international and transcontinental nature of pandemics as it goes through its 6 stages endangers populations and, where the nation is unable to handle the outbreak, facilitate a widespread loss of lives extending to neighbouring nations and risking the survival of their populations. They used Influenza to exemplify the 6 stages of a pandemic where the virus begins its circulation among animal populations moving on to small clusters of people which leads to human to human transmission leading to an outbreak of the virus.

It is important to look at the preparedness of our nation and the rest of the world when it comes to dealing with communicable diseases like influenza. In a world where evolution of viruses is a real possibility, being prepared exemplifies the forward thinking survival planning of a risk society (Beck, 1992). In a sense, the most powerful authorities of our race at present has come to realize the danger of pandemics so that in 2007. the World Health Assembly (WHO, 2013), " passed a resolution calling on the Director-General to convene an intergovernmental meeting to develop mechanisms aimed at ensuring the continued sharing of influenza viruses, and the fair and equitable sharing of benefits arising from such sharing." Member states of the United Nations has since then continually worked to establish what became the Pandemic Influenza Preparedness (PIP) Framework where the purpose is to share strategies, establish protocols and ensure all member countries have access to vaccines and are provided key support when necessary so as to benefit from resources and knowledge of other member states and to create sustainable systems that would ensure influenza pandemic preparedness for each member state. By 2012, the PIP Framework has become operational and has been the basis of nation states to plan their own PIP models. This work goes through their models so compare particular elements and to discern ethical and effective elements of leadership in the model and utilization of PIP framework. I have chosen to look at the current model in place in the US, in the UK and the Philippines so as to create a comparative picture of PIP framework utilization.

The US: PIP Framework Implementation

In the US, the Pandemic Influenza Preparedness has been prepared by the US Department of Health and Human services. The roles of key departments have been identified, including that of the Center for Diseases Control (CDC) and the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA). In 2009, OSHA released a 'Pandemic Influenza Preparedness and Response Guidance for Healthcare Workers and Healthcare Employers' to spread information and clarify preparedness and response in terms of roles, responsibilities and protocols. In this guide, we read through essential information that provides clinical background to the diseases explaining the following elements - clinical presentation, diagnosis, modes of transmission and treatment and prevention. Infection control is also discussed in-depth with precautions and transmission-based ...