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Reproductive Disorders

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Reproductive System Disorders

3. Describe the altered function resulting from:
a. hypospadias
b. cryptorchidism

4. Explain why BPH occurs in older men.

5. Lists the signs of BPH.

13. Describe the causative organism and the manifestations of vaginal candidiasis.

14. Explain how an abscess may develop in PID.

18. Compare the early signs and the reasons for them of:
a. cervical cancer
b. uterine cancer
c. ovarian cancer

19. List three hormone dependent reproductive disorders and describe the role of the hormone in each case.

20. Name and describe the characteristics of the organism causing chlamydial infection.

21. Explain, using specific examples, two reasons why STDs may go undetected.

22. Describe the manifestations of the secondary stage of syphilis.

24. List the STD and the organism that causes a:
a. chancre
b. vesicle
c. gumma
d. purulent exudates
e. pharyngitis
f. wart

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Solution Summary

From birth defects and cancer to sexually transmitted diseases, this solution covers a broad range of questions dealing with reproductive disorders. The solution distills microbiology, virology, oncology, and clinical medicine to cover all the bases.

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REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM DISORDERS

3. DESCRIBE THE ALTERED FUNCTION RESULTING FROM:
A. HYPOSPADIAS
This is a birth defect of the male urethra that causes misalignment of the urinary meatus (opening). Typically the urethra opens at the tip of the penis (glans) however a hypospadic urethra can open anywhere along the urethral groove from beneath the glans to the junction of the penis and scrotum. Hypospadias is the second most common birth defect of the male genitalia. With hypospadias, the direction of the urine stream is disrupted making urination a somewhat messy affair. It can also reduce fertility because of the inefficient delivery of semen into the vagina.

B. CRYPTORCHIDISM
Generally refers to the absence of one or both testes in the scrotum at birth (undescended testes) and is one of the most common birth defects of the male genitalia. Cryptorchidism can lead to reduced fertility and increased susceptibility to testicular tumours

4. EXPLAIN WHY BPH OCCURS IN OLDER MEN.
BPH, or benign prostate hyperplasia is a condition that typically afflicts men in mid life or older. BPH is characterized by the development of nodules within the periurethral region leading to prostate enlargement and disruption of normal urine flow. The reason why BPH develops in older men is a great question. One group of studies suggests that estrogens may play a role in BPH. As men age their testosterone to estrogen ratios change and BPH tends to develop in men who have reduced testosterone levels and increased estrogen levels (i.e. men over 70). However life style plays a big role to. Men in western society have a much higher incidence of BPH than do men living in more traditional/rural settings.

5. LISTS THE SIGNS OF BPH.
? Waking at night to urinate
? Sudden and strong urge to urinate
? A frequent need to go, sometimes every 2 hours or less
? Pushing or straining to begin
? A weak ...

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