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Crisis management plans vs improvisation

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Military bases typically have comprehensive crisis management plans that seemingly anticipate all possible events and contingencies. The Incident Command System, as well as Joint Operational Planning and Execution Systems (JOPES) provide important structure to responding to events.

The chaos and uncertainty of crises, however, makes the decision making prescribed in thick crisis plans less practical when unusual or "impossible" crises occur. Improvisation, described in the Gelles and Goldberg story in this week's readings, describes a variety of crises in which CEOs threw away well-developed plans.

What would you recommend to your base commander? Do you spend time and resources to prepare for every possible crisis knowing that events such as extreme weather, the economy, politics and the pandemic require immediate improvisation in order to make crucial decisions? Is there a balance between comprehensively preparing for crises and the ability to respond to "impossible" crises?

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Crisis management plans vs improvisation is discussed in a structured manner in this response. The related references are also provided.

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Military Bases
Even though military bases have crisis management plans that anticipate all possible events. The Incident Command System also gives important guidance to responding to events. However, the Gelles and Goldberg stories portray different scenarios where well-developed plans are discarded. I will recommend to the base commander that on one side he must use time and resources to prepare for every possible crisis even though unexpected crises can require improvisation to make an important decision. I will recommend to the base commander that on one side he must fully prepare for the crisis but when the crisis occurs, he must use improvisation to address the problems that occur.

JOPES and the Incident Command System
The Jones is a joint, integrated, conventional commend system sued by the Joint Planning and Execution community to carry out joint execution, planning, and monitoring activities. The JOPES guides senior-level decision-makers and their staff in decision-making. It gives them the guidance to select the Best Course of Action to achieve the given tasks. This system addresses guidance and support related to people, procedures, policies, supporting software, and communication. In addition, the Incident Command System is a standardized approach to emergency response coordination, command, and control. The ICS gives a hierarchy within which responders from different agencies can be effective. Both the ICS and JOPES pertain to crisis management plans and preparation.

There are important advantages in having crisis management plans and preparation. The planning process (for example the ICS and JOPES) provide direction during a crisis, generates accountability, and includes the consideration of adequate resources. The crisis management plans anticipate and proactively address the problems that may arise during a crisis. For example, the base personnel may store by rotation essential food material for a crisis. Moreover, the plan shows how shared resources are to be used and fairly divided during a crisis. Having crisis management plans in place means a degree of discipline is imposed during the crisis, the crisis plans to increase strategic thinking, and preparation increases the flexibility of the base (Athamneh, S. ...

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