Joints and Homeostatic Imbalances
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I need some help in these questions on joints, their movements and some of the homeostatic imbalances in diseases:
1. Identify a homeostatic imbalance (disease) of a joint or joints;
2. Describe the joint by its structural and functional classification;
3. Describe the type of movement that joint or joints exhibit;
4. Describe the symptoms of that disease;
5. Using Google (not Google Scholar), describe content from a source or sources claiming a treatment for which there exists little or no evidence or scientific plausibility for its efficacy. Describe what makes the treatment questionable.; and,
6. Using Google Scholar, describe content from a source or sources claiming an evidence-based treatment for which there is scientific support for its efficacy. Describe what makes the treatment reliable.
7. The point of this discussion is for you to describe a joint or joints using the proper functional and structural terms, and describe, using the proper terms, the movements those joints are capable of, and to precisely describe a homeostatic disease involving the joint or joints. Another point of this discussion is to show how unreliable Google is for finding reliable, evidence-based treatments. Find an obviously phony treatment, describe it, and tell us what little evidence there is in support of it. Then, find a treatment described in a peer-review journal using Google Scholar, describe it, and tell us the evidence there is in support of it. Sometimes the evidence against a treatment found on Google is a peer-review paper found on Google Scholar.
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Solution Summary
This solution gives background information on joints and how they are structural units that functions to hold bones together and permit movement, as well as addresses the aforementioned questions in detail. All references used are included
Solution Preview
Joints are the structural unit that functions to hold bones together and permit movement. Joints are the point of contact between 2 bones; points of contact between cartilage and bone; and point of contact between teeth and bones.
The structural classification of joints is based on the presence or absence of a synovial (joint) cavity and type of connecting tissue. Joints are classified as fibrous, cartilaginous, or synovial.
The functional classification of joints are based upon movement whether it is immovable or synarthrosis. Joints can also be slightly movable or amphiarthrosis, and it can be freely movable or diarthrosis.
Structural classification:
Fibrous joints - joints that lack a synovial cavity and are held closely together by fibrous connective tissue. It has little or no movement ( synarthroses or amphiarthroses). The three structural types of fibrous joints are sutures, syndesmoses, and gomphoses. Sutures are thin layers of dense fibrous connective tissue that joins together bones of the skull and they are immovable (synarthrosis). Syndesmosis are a type of fibrous joint that unite bones using ligament. Syndesmosis are slightly movable ( amphiarthrosis). Gomphosis are ligament that holds cone-shape peg in bony socket and they are immovable (synarthrosis).
Cartilaginous Joints lacks a synovial cavity and allows little or no movement. It is bones that is tightly connected by fibrocartilage or hyaline cartilage. There are two types of cartilaginous joints called synchondroses and symphyses. Synchondrosis uses hyaline cartilage as connecting material and is immovable (synarthrosis). It has an epiphyseal plate or joints between the first pair of ribs and stemum. Symphysis is fibrocartilage that is connecting material. It is slightly movable (amphiarthroses). It has an intervertebral discs and pubic symphysis.
Synovial joints have synovial cavity that separates articulating bones. It is freely moveable (diarthroses).
Articular cartilage act to reduces friction and absorbs shock. Articular capsule surround joint and thickenings in fibrous capsule called ligaments. Synovial membrane is the inner lining of capsule and secretes synovial fluid containing slippery hyaluronic acid. It brings nutrients to articular ...
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