Eight Basic Perspectives on Personality
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Explain the eight basic perspectives on personality and what are the usefulness of studying the eight perspectives of personality psychology? (The eight basic perspectives on personality are Psychoanalytic, Neo-analytic. Cognitive, Biological, Behaviorist, Trait/skill, Humanistic/existential and Person-situation interactionist).
What are the strengths and weaknesses of an objective approach to personality assessment? A subjective approach? How are the concepts of reliability and validity approached from these two ways of assessing personality and give some examples?
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Take one element of the theories or ideas and apply it to a real person - for
example, someone from current events, politics, business, sports, the entertainment field. Define the terms you're using, and apply them to an aspect of this person's life (a specific action, behavior, or decision, for example). How can we understand this person more fully by using this concept to understand him/her?
4. Explain how personality is studied scientifically. What is Personality? How is Personality Studied and Assessed? Explain basic issues in the study of personality including the importance of the unconscious, the role of the self, nomothetic versus idiographic approaches, gender differences, the power of the situation, and cultural influences and why objective measures of personality are important. Describe different kinds of reliability including internal-consistency reliability and test-retest reliability.
Describe different kinds of validity including construct validity, convergent validity, discriminant validity, criterion-related validity, and content validity.
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Solution Summary
The solution provides information, assistance and advise in tackling the task (see above) on the topic of Eight Basic Perspectives on Personality, the strengths & weaknesses of an objective approach and an application of the ideas to an individual as an example. A simple outline is suggested together with key information to get the student started. Resources are also included for further exploration of the topic.
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Dear Student,
Hi and thank you for using brainmass. In this particular posting, you have presented 2 distinct problems. The first problems are all about personality and application of these ideas in coming to explore attributes of an individual. The second one is all about the scientific study of personality and scientific components in relation to validity - this is more about research so the focus should be about applying the science. I suggest using this simple outline:
1. Personality - the 8 perspectives (including biases), 200 words
2. Application - 150 words
3. Personality Research & validity - 150 words
It appears complex but what you really need to do is buckle down to present the components. I hope this will help. Just let me know if you need further clarification. You can also use the listed resources if you need further information. All the best!
Sincerely,
AE 105878/Xenia Jones
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On Personality
What is personality? Personality is that unique amalgamation of emotional, behavioral and attitudinal responses and reactionary patterns unique to a person. Our personality is what defines us - what us the individuals that we are. There are a number of theories that attempt to explain personality. The 8 perspectives are as follows:
1. Psychoanalytic - development of personality is impacted by a system of unconscious impulses and reactions to unconscious drives or desires as derived from the work of Freud.
2. Neo-Analytical/Ego - our internal expectations or masteries of our unconscious motivations define who we are.
3. Biological - our biological components define who we are inherently and shape our uniqueness.
4. Behaviourist - a personal is condition though events that shape and enforce behavior patterns.
5. Cognitive - personality is cognitive in that our thoughts and cognitive processes define who we are.
6. Trait - each of us have a unique construct of skills, traits and predispositions.
7. Humanistic/Existential - it proposes that we define who we are by searching for meaning about ourselves, in a spiritual and purposeful sense.
8. Interactionist - this is a sociological perspective that proposes that the interaction between the individual and his/her environment shapes his/her personality patterns, predispositions and beliefs.
Now, to understand bias and predispositions, it is worth to delve a little on perspectives like ...
Education
- MPhil/PhD (IP), Open University, Milton Keynes, UK
- MA, Open University, Milton Keynes, UK
- Certificate, Geva Ulpan (via Universita Tel Aviv)
- BA, University of the Philippines
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