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Upper and Lower Respiratory Tract Infection

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1. Why are infections of the upper respiratory tract milder as compared to the infections of the lower respiratory tract?
2. Explain the difference between necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis and necrotizing ulcerative peridonitis.
3. Why is cranberry juice used to prevent urinary tract infections caused by E.Coli?
4. Explain the causes of pelvic inflammatory disease.
5. Explain the strategies devised by OSHA and the CDC to prevent transmission of blood-borne pathogens of infectious diseases.
6. Discuss the seven challenges created by the CDC.

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Solution Summary

This solution comments on several differing physiological subjects related to infection in varying parts of the body.

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1) Infections of the upper respiratory tract tend to be less severe for several reasons. First of all, the upper respiratory tract is less sensitive and delicate. The epithelium in the lower respiratory tract, such as in the lower bronchioles and alveoli, is thin, delicate and fragile. This means that any infection will cause more damage in the lower respiratory tract than in the upper respiratory tract. Secondly, the upper respiratory tract is often ciliated and produces more mucus, such as in the nose. As whole, the upper respiratory tract has more defenses. Lastly, the upper respiratory tract is easier to treat than the lower respiratory tract, without disrupting normal functioning.

2) Necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis is an infection of the gum tissue, while necrotizing ulcerative periodontitis is an infection of the periodontal tissue, which is deeper than the gums.

3) ...

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