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Anatomy/Physiology of Respiratory, Urinary System, Fluid and Electrolytes

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1. The pharynx is common to what 2 systems?

2. What is the voice box? Of what is it composed? What is the Adam's apple?

3. Describe the structure and function of the trachea.

4. Describe respiratory physiology.

5. What is the main respiratory muscle?

6. List the principal and accessory organs of the urinary system.

7. Diagram the flow of blood through the kidney.

8. How does total body water content differ in men and women?

9. List the compartments of extracellular fluid.

10. How is urine volume regulated?

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Anatomy/physiology of respiratory and urinary systems, fluids and electrolytes are explained in this solution.

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1. The pharynx is common to what 2 systems?
Response: The respiratory and digestive systems.

2. What is the voice box? Of what is it composed? What is the Adam's apple?
Response: The voice box is the larynx. It is a short passageway that connects the laryngopharynx with the trachea. Its wall is composed of nine pieces of cartilage: three are single and three paired. The "Adam's apple" is the thyroid cartilage, one of the three single pieces of cartilage in the larynx. It consists of two fused plates of hyaline cartilage that form the anterior wall of the larynx and give it its triangular shape.

3. Describe the structure and function of the trachea.
Response: The trachea, commonly called the windpipe, is a tubular passageway for air. It's about 5 inches in length and about 1 inch in diameter. It is anterior to the esophagus and goes from the larynx to near the top border of T5 where it divides into the right and left primary bronchi. It has four layers. From deep to superficial they are: mucosa (pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium and an underlying lamina propria), submucosa (areolar connective tissue with seromucous glands and ducts), hyaline cartilage (16-20 incomplete rings stacked horizontally), and adventitia (areolar connective tissue).

4. Describe respiratory physiology.
Response: Respiratory physiology is a branch of physiology dealing with respiration. That sounds simple enough, doesn't it? I'll give you a list of topics it includes because there is no way I could describe ...

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