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The Nuremberg Code and Declaration of Helsinki

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1. Discuss the Nuremberg Code and Declaration of Helsinki in relation to the United States Federal Regulations (45CFR46) on research with human subjects. Questions and issues that you might want to address include, but are not limited to: Human beings have a tendency to deny the truth, particularly when it has to do with ethical situations and making the right decision. Your thoughts?

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Solution Summary

This solution discusses the Nuremberg Code and Declaration of Helsinki in relation to the United States Federal Regulations (45CFR46) on various issues in research with human subjects e.g. human beings have a tendency to deny the truth, making the right decision, etc. The codes and principles and links for further research are also provided.

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I located several excellent resources concerning your topic. I attached the codes if you want to list the principles, or some of them, in the report. I made reference to them, but did not discuss individual principles.

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1. Discuss the Nuremberg Code and Declaration of Helsinki in relation to the United States Federal Regulations (45CFR46) on research with human subjects. Questions and issues that you might want to address include, but are not limited to: Human beings have a tendency to deny the truth, particularly when it has to do with ethical situations and making the right decision. Your thoughts?

The United States Federal Regulations (45CFR46) on research with human subjects was deemed necessary due to continued research abuses of human participants. And, this was despite worldwide attention to the abuses of human research subjects following World War II and the development of international guidelines: the Nuremberg Code and the Declaration of Helsinki (see http://www.hhs.gov/ohrp/irb/irb_appendices.htm#j5). The Nuremberg Code is a ten point statement delimiting permissible medical experimentation on human subjects. According to this statement, humane experimentation is justified only if its results benefit society and it is carried out in accord with basic principles that "satisfy moral, ethical, and legal concepts." To some extent the Nuremberg Code has been superseded by the Declaration of Helsinki as a guide for human experimentation (1). However, even with these worldwide ethical principles in place, research abuses continued in United States. Indeed, it seems that human beings have a tendency to deny the truth, particularly when it has to do with ethical situations and making the right decision.

Research Development in the United States

Several main events paved the way for the United States Federal Regulations (45CFR46) (1981) on research with human subjects, which used the two international codes mentioned above as guiding principles in the process. The events clearly showed the human ...

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