Using the Precede-Proceed Model for Health Promotion

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The PRECEDE-PROCEED planning model describes factors influencing health outcomes and provides a comprehensive structure for health needs assessment, program design, implementation, and evaluation of health promotion programs. This planning model was initiated as a cost-benefit evaluation framework by Dr. Lawrence W. Green (Glanz, Bishop, 2010). The PRECEDE phase is based on the premise that an educational diagnosis of the problem is very essential before developing and implementing the intervention plan. PRECEDE stands for Predisposing, Reinforcing, and Enabling Constructs in Educational/environmental Diagnosis and Evaluation. (Crosby, Noar, 2011). The PRECEDE phases correspond with steps 1 through 4 of the model as depicted in Figure 1. The PROCEED phase was added to place emphasis on growing recognition of the expansion of health education to encompass policy, regulatory and related ecological/environmental factors in determining health and health behaviors. PROCEED stands for Policy, Regulatory, and Organizational Constructs in Educational and Environmental Development (Crosby, Noar, 2011). This aspect of the model begins with step 5 of the model depicted in Figure 1. The model suggests that predisposing, reinforcing, and enabling factors have an effect on behavior and the environment; therefore, through behavior and environment, predisposing, reinforcing, and enabling factors have an impact on quality of life. The PPM embodies two key aspects of intervention: planning, and evaluation.

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Obesity in Mexico:
Along with other countries having high and low-to-middle income, Mexico has experienced a substantial change in obesity rates. This rapid growth in obesity prevalence has led to high rates of obesity-related diseases and associated health-care costs. Overweight and obesity affects 26% of Mexican school children and the prevalence has continued to increase in recent years (Hossain, Kawar, Nahas, 2007). Childhood overweight and obesity are associated with a wide range of immediate health concerns, such as the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus, and hypertension. The results of one study showed that after 6 years of age, the probability of obesity in adulthood exceeded 50% for obese children compared with about 10% for non-obese children (Whitaker, Wright, Pepe, Seidel, Dietz, 1997). More than 71% of Mexican women and 66% of Mexican men are overweight, according to the latest national surveys. A study conducted by several Universities mapped the trajectory of future obesity trends in Mexico based on a method that utilizes the best data currently available and it concludes that the rate is expected to increase to 88% by 2050 (Ketevan, ...