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Summarize the multi-factorial model and how it relates to the diagnosis of illnesses. Explain Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS)and Coronary Heart Disease and what role psychology has played in understanding and managing these health problems.

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This solution summarizes the multi-factorial model and how it relates to the diagnosis of illnesses; explains the Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS) and Coronary Heart Disease; and the role psychology has played in understanding and managing these health problems.

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1. Summarize the multi-factorial model and how it relates to the diagnosis of illnesses.

A multi-factorial model integrates biological-psycho-emotional-environmental factors in making DIAGNOSIS OF AN ILLNESS. For example, heart disease is diagnosed based on biological factors (hereditary, blood pressure, cholesterol) and environmental (lifestyle, social stressors, and eating habits) and psychological (e..g, low frustation tolerance, anger, type A personality traits).

Another example where both genetic and environmental factors play a part is in Multifactorail inheritance illnesses. In fact, multi-factorial inheritance is responsible for the greatest number of individuals that will need special care or hospitalization because of genetic diseases. Up to 10% of newborn children will express a multifactorial disease at some time in their life. Atopic reactions, diabetes, cancer, spina bifida/anencephaly, pyloric stenosis, cleft lip, cleft palate, congenital hip dysplasia, club foot, and a host of other diseases all result from multifactorial inheritance. Some of these diseases occur more frequently in males. Others occur more frequently in females. Environmental factors as well as genetic factors are involved. http://www.uic.edu/classes/bms/bms655/lesson11.html

In fact, many dysfunctional behaviors and diseases require multifactorial explanations that integrate biological and socio-cultural variables. For example, Masters and Coplan (1999) explained geographical and temporal variations in alcohol and drug abuse and in criminal behavior using a dynamic, multi-factorial model that integrated findings in neurobiology and social science with toxicology, as shown in the following excerpt. http://www.uic.edu/classes/bms/bms655/lesson11.html

EXCERPT

This multi-factorial model is based on a sequence of probabilistic relationships. (1) Some individuals are potential alcoholics or drug addicts for genetic or developmental reasons that may also be associated with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), antisocial personality, or other traits that have been linked to criminal behavior. (2) Uptake of lead, manganese, and other neurotoxic substances from the environment can ...

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