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Considerations in targeted therapy for cancers

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Which ONE of the following has shown beneficial effects in the treatment of human 
colon cancer? 
a.  Angiostatin 
b.  Avastin®
c.  Endostatin 
d.  Plasminogen 
e.  Vascular endothelial growth factor 
 
Which ONE statement about antibodies is CORRECT? 
a.  Antigen binding specificity is due to the hypervariable loops. 
b.  The Fc fragment is involved in antigen binding. 
c.  The interactions between antibody and antigen are predominantly 
hydrophobic. 
d.  There are 16 immunoglobulin domains in an intact antibody molecule. 
e.  There are two variable domains in each molecule.

Which ONE of the following targeted agents is used in the treatment of non‐Hodgkin's 
lymphoma? 
a.  Bevacizumab 
b.  Erlotinib 
c.  Imatinib 
d.  Rituximab 
e.  Trastuzumab 
 
Which ONE of the following targeted agents is a small molecule inhibitor used in the 
treatment of chronic myeloid leukaemia? 
a.  Alemtuzumab 
b.  Cetuximab 
c.  Dasatinib 
d.  Ofatumumab 
e.  Panitumumab 
 
Methotrexate is commonly used in combination with which ONE of the following for the 
treatment of breast cancer? 
a.  Angiostatin and erlotinib 
b.  Cyclophosphamide and fluorouracil 
c.  Doxorubicin and paclitaxel 
d.  Everolimus and sunitinib 
e.  Temsirolimus and sorafenib

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Solution Summary

If you are confused about how cancer is treated, then this solution can help. It gives the answers to five clinical cancer-related questions, but in addition to that we provide the full explanation for why. On top of that, most questions also provide a rationale for why the OTHER answers are incorrect, providing a comprehensive overview of each concept. If you're confused by treatments for lymphoma, leukemia, colon cancer, or breast cancer, then you may find the answers you're looking for!

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Which ONE of the following has shown beneficial effects in the treatment of human 
colon cancer? 
a.  Angiostatin 
b.  Avastin®
c.  Endostatin 
d.  Plasminogen 
e.  Vascular endothelial growth factor 

Answer: Avastin

Explanation: Avastin (bevacizumab) is an antibody-based therapy that specifically inhibits the interaction between VEGF and its receptor. Based on clinical trials, it has been approved for the treatment of metastatic colorectal carcinoma, and its use in earlier stage disease is being actively explored in clinical trials. Aside from cetuximab (anti-EGFR), it is one of the more commonly-used therapies in colon cancer. The other antiangiogenic therapies like angiostatin and endostatin have not been investigated in colon cancer and are not recommended by treatment guidelines.

 
Which ONE statement about antibodies is CORRECT? 
a.  Antigen binding specificity is due to the hypervariable loops. 
b.  The Fc fragment is involved in antigen binding. 
c.  ...

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