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Protection against a path failure in SONET

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A SONET transmission system can be configured in two different ways to protect against a path failure (protection switching). What are the names of the two network configurations?

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a) Linear Automatic Protection Switching. This involves 4 fibers: 2 working fibers in each direction, and two protection fibers.

b) Unidirectional Path Switched Ring (UPSR): In a UPSR, two redundant (path-level) copies of protected traffic are ...

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