Nickel Chloride and Sodium Phosphate Reaction and Other Chemistry Questions
1. Nickel(11) chloride reacts with sodium phosphate to produce nickel(11) phosphate and sodium chloride.
NiCl2(aq) + Na3PO4(aq) -----> Ni3(PO4)2 (s) + NaCl(aq)
a. Balance the equation above
b. Using the balanced equation, find out how many moles of nickel(11) chloride are required to produce 0.479 mol of nickel(11) phosphate?
c. Using the balanced equation, find out how many moles of NiCl2 are required to produced 0.45 moles of NaCl.
d. Using the balanced equation, determine how many grams of sodium chloride are formed from 12.5 grams of sodium phosphate?
e. Using the balanced equation, what is the percent yield for the reaction if 65.3g of nickel(11) chloride produces 17.5 g of sodium chloride?
2. Gasohol is a fuel additive containing ethanol (C2H6O) that combusts with oxygen (O2) to produce carbon dioxide (CO2) and water (H2O).
a. State the reactants and products for this reaction in the form of a balanced equation.
b. How many moles of C2H6O are required to completely react with 7.75 moles of O2.
c. If a car produces 125 g of H2O , how many grams of O2 are used up in the reaction?
d. Calculate the mass of CO2 that can be produced if the reaction of 39.0g of ethanol and suffient oxygen has a 58.0% yield.
3. Calculate how many moles are contained in 1kilo, or 1000g , of C17H21NO4 (cocaine).
4. Calculate the percent composition by mass of phosphorus in the following compounds.
a. Mg3(PO4)2 b. P6O15
5. Calculate the empirical formula for a photographic fixing solution containing the following:
0.979g Na, 1.365g S, and 1.021g O
6. Calculate the empirical formula for a compound from these percentage compositions 17.5% Na, 39.7% Cr, and 42.8% O
7. How many atoms of oxygen are in 3.75 moles of K2SO4?
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Solution Preview
1.)
a.)
NiCl2(aq) + Na3PO4(aq) ------ Ni3(PO4)2 (s) + NaCl(aq)
On right hand side, Ni has three atoms, therefore first of all balance it.
3NiCl2(aq) + Na3PO4(aq) ------ Ni3(PO4)2 (s) + NaCl(aq)
On right hand side PO4 has 2 moles, therefore balance it now.
3.NiCl2(aq) + 2.Na3PO4(aq) ------ Ni3(PO4)2 (s) + NaCl(aq)
On left hand side Na and Cl both have six atoms, balance them.
3.NiCl2(aq) + 2.Na3PO4(aq) ------ Ni3(PO4)2 (s) + 6.NaCl(aq)
b.)
Because,
1 mole of nickel phosphate (Ni3(PO4)2) is obtained from 3 mole of nickel chloride (NiCl2)
Threfore, 0.479 mol of nickel(11) phosphate will be obtained from
= 3*0.479 = 1.437 mol of NiCl2
c.)
Because, 6 moles of NaCl are obtained from 3 moles of NiCl2
Therefore, 0.45 moles of NaCl is obtained from = 0.45/2 = 0.225 mole
d.)
Because, molecular wt of sodium phosphate (Na3PO4) = 23*3 + 31 + 16*4
= 164
molecular wt. of sodium chloride(NaCl) = 23+35.5 = 58.5
Because, 2 moles of sodium phosphate gives 6 moles of ...
Solution Summary
The solution goes through the many questions asked, from balancing equations to calculating masses of products to finding the empirical formulas of reactants, thoroughly and clearly, with easy-to-follow steps and explanations.