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More effective than outer shell electrons in shielding

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1. Why are inner shell electrons more effective than outer shell electrons in shielding?

Why is the energy diagram for multi electron atoms different from that of the hydrogen atom?

2. How many electrons in a single atom can have the following quantum numbers?

n = 2 n = 3, l = 2 n = 4, l = 1 n = 3 n = 3, l = 1, ml = - 1 n = 2, l = 1, ml = 0, ms = + ½

3. Use Pauli's Exclusion Principle, the Aufbau Principle, and Hund's rule to write the correct ground state configurations for:

Zn Si Br Fe+2 Mg+2 O-1

The following electronic configurations are incorrect; write each correctly for the ground state, and identify the element.

[He]2s3 1s12s12p7 [He]2s12p7 [Ar]4s23d34p6 [Kr]4d2 [Kr]3s23p63d3

4. Write B (basic), A (acidic), or amp (amphoteric) beside each of the following oxides:
MgO SO3 Al2O3 N2O5

Write P (paramagnetic) or D (diamagnetic) beside each of the following ions:
Na+1 Fe+2 Zn+2 O-1

5. Write the number of valence electrons beside each of the following.

Cl Fe N V

In each pair circle the most metallic: Na or Al; Pb or Ge. In each pair circle the least metallic: Bi or As; Te or Br

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Why the inner shell electrons are more effective than outer shell electrons in shielding is determined.

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1. Why are inner shell electrons more effective than outer shell electrons in shielding?

Inner electrons reside in energy shells that are nearer the nucleus. Hence, they are more effective in blocking/screening the outermost electron from the electrostatic attraction of the nucleus. There is greater repulsion between electrons of different energy levels. However, those electrons in the outer shell are not that effective in shielding because they will repel each other only to a slight extent.

Why is the energy diagram for multi electron atoms different from that of the hydrogen atom?

The hydrogen atom consists only of one electron. Such electron interacts only with the proton in the nucleus. In other words, the only important interaction observed in a hydrogen atom is ...

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