Definitions of various aspects of an inventory model

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The definitions are

Stock out costs: First let me define it in terms of finished goods inventory. The costs incurred by a company for not fulfilling the customer demand. This results due lost sales and dissatisfied customers. Primarily this stockout cost is due to not fulfilling customer demand due to non-availability of goods as finished products. Stockout cost is aslo incurred due to unavailability of raw materials or sub-assemblies. The cost of unsatisfied demand incurred due to unavailability of raw materials is also a stockout cost

To avoid these costs companies carry inventory in the form of finished goods, raw materials and sub-assemblies. This effects in inventory carrying costs

Carrying cost: The cost incurred by a company for carrying inventory is carrying cost. This include interest on debt, interest income forgone, warehouse rent for storing inventory, cooling-heating so that inventory does not become unusable, lighting at warehouse, cleaning of warehouse, repairing, protecting against theft and pilferage, shipping, receiving, material handling, taxes, insurance and management costs incurred on above activities.

This is why ...