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Chromosomal Aberrations in Animals and Plants

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What is the impact of chromosomal aberration during Meiosis II, when the normal gametes generated as an end product of Meiosis II are compared with those produced from Meiosis II with chromosomal aberrations?
What would happen when an abnormal gamete is crossed with a normal gamete produced from the end product of MeiosisII?

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Solution Summary

Chromosomal aberration during Meiosis-II causes a meiotic error due to non-disjunction known as Aneuploidy. Chromosomal aberration cause diseases such as Down's syndrome and Cridu-chat syndrome due to autosomal Aneuploidy and Klinefelter's Syndrome and Turner's syndrome due to allosomal Anueploidy. Aneuploidy in case of plants is very common, and it is known as Polyploidy. Polyploidy has its significance in case of plants, as they are disease resistant, show a high degree of variation and are responsible for speciation during the process of evolution.

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Chromosomal aberration during Meiosis II causes a meiotic error due to non-disjunction known as Aneuploidy. It is a condition that involves deletion of 1 or 2 chromosomes leading to hypoploidy or duplication of 1 or 2 extra chromosomes leading to hyperploidy in a normal set. Aneuploidy may occur either in autosomes or allosomes.

Patients suffering from Down's syndrome have a karyotype with 47 chromosomes (46+1= 47 which may be 44+1+XX or 44+1+XY). They are characterized by their short stature, small and slant eye balls, a prominent transverse fold on the palm, sagging and salivating mouth, swollen lips and thick tongue, enlarged forehead, flattened nose, reduced limbs with stubby fingers and toes, low IQ and mild mental retardation, ...

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