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Methods of Establishing Correlation between Variables: Example

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Describe different methods of establishing correlation between variables and provide an example of each. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of each method and where each must be applied. Consider particular circumstances and examples in which a researcher may want to establish correlation.

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This solution discusses methods of establishing a correlation between variables.

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All correlations look at how two variables co-vary, or change together, but we need to use different correlation coefficients and calculations depending on the type of data we're working with.

If we want to determine if there is a relationship between two variables that are both measured on an interval/ratio scale (a continuous scale with equal spacing between the values), we use the Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient (aka Pearson's r) to test for the correlation. An example of a situation where we might use Pearson's r is if we were looking for a relationship between IQ and age. Both of these variables are measured on a continuous scale.

If we want to test for a relationship between two variables ...

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