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Comparison & Contrast of Various Psychological Perspectives

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Task: Compare and contrast the basic theoretical positions of Sigmund Freud, Carl Jung, Alfred Adler,and William James. Describe the differences among their perspectives concerning the causes and nature of human psychological functioning.

All that is required here is a brief summary to assist me in understanding the differing positions of these four men.

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Freud's Psychoanalytic Theory was mainly centered on the unconscious. According to Freud, the three components of personality are: the Id, the Ego, and the Superego. The Superego is constantly trying to keep the Id under control. In order to keep impulses under control and regulate the Id and the Superego, the Ego develops certain defense mechanisms which include: rationalization, repression, denial, projection, regression, Displacement, and Sublimation. According to Jung's Archetypes Theory, a person's unconscious is not affected solely by emotions, but also by culture and geographic location. As a result, he believed there to be a second/deeper part to the unconscious affected by evolutionary ...

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