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A case study of ADHD

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Jonathon is an engaging and rambunctious 8-year-old white boy, "smart as a whip but a real handful" according to his mother. Jonathon's preschool and first-grade teachers both suspected that Jonathon suffered from attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). He was evaluated in first grade by the school psychologist.

Psychological testing, behavioral observations, and record review supported a diagnosis of ADHD (Mixed type) and mild to moderate oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) accompanied 12 Clinician's Guide to Evidence-Based Practices by family tensions. Jonathon is the second of three children, ranging in age from 3 to 10 years, born to working parents (With health insurance) who frequently separate and reconcile. The local pediatrician treats Jonathon's asthma with albuterol and offered to prescribe a psycho-stimulant for the ADHD as well, but Jonathon's father firmly resists any psychotropic medication at this time. Both parents are genuinely concerned about Jonathon and willing to participate in a few family meetings. However, their demanding work schedules and marital conflicts prevent extensive outpatient treatment.

Describe the case study and identify the critical elements that would require the therapist to review published research to guide the practice. Cite and summarize a research study that informs evidence-based counseling practice related to the attached case study as it would occur in specialization area. Next, explain any ethical, legal, and socio-cultural considerations that apply for the case and/or the research article selected.

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Jonathan is an 8-year old Caucasian boy who lives with his parents. He is the second of three children ranging in age from 3 to 10 years. His parents are concerned about his behavior as his teachers report their suspicion that he has Attention Deficit Disorder. Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a behavioral disorder that affects children's lives both socially and cognitively (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorder [DSM-IV-TR], APA, 2000, p.89). Jonathan's first grade teacher evaluated him after Psychological testing, behavioral observations, and a record review supported a diagnosis of ADHD (Mixed type). He was also diagnosed with Oppositional Disorder due to family tensions. In addition, a local pediatrician treated Jonathon for asthma with the drug Albuterol. He has offered to prescribe a psycho-stimulant for the ADHD disorder; however, Jonathan' parents are opposed to any medications, and lack the time for any extensive treatment.

Reflected in Jonathan's case study, children with ADHD have difficulty understanding and following social rules. Based on DSM-IV-TR (2000) criteria, symptoms of ADHD lead to impulsive symptoms and problems in familial, interpersonal, and educational settings. Thus, critical elements in Jonathon's case study his family' marital conflict. In addition, his environment may be contributing to his anxiety. For instance, his family is opposing psychotropic ...

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