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Methods of establishing validity

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What are the four methods of establishing validity? How are these methods similar? How are they different?

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Face Validity: The simplest facet of validity is called face validity. Face validity refers to whether the test, on the surface, appears to measure what it is supposed to measure. For example, a scale measuring a trait such as manipulativeness might include the following face-valid items: I made a friend just to obtain a favor; I tricked a friend into giving me personal information; I managed to get my way by appearing cooperative; I pretended that I was hurt to get someone to do me a favor. Since most people agree that these acts are manipulative, the scale containing them is highly face-valid.

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What are the four methods of establishing validity? How are these methods similar? How are they different?

There are actually 5 methods of establishing validity within psychology: face validity, predictive validity, convergent validity, discriminant validity, and construct validity. Please review your text to determine which of the five correlate with your text. I will compare and contrast all five for you.

Face Validity: The simplest facet of validity is called face validity. Face validity refers to whether the test, on the surface, appears to measure what it is supposed to measure. For example, a scale measuring a trait such as manipulativeness might include the following face-valid items: I made a friend just to obtain a favor; I tricked a friend into giving me personal information; I managed to get my way by appearing cooperative; I pretended that I was hurt to get someone to do me a favor. Since most people agree that these acts are manipulative, the scale containing them is highly face-valid. Face validity is probably the least important aspect of validity. In fact, some psychologists argue that face validity refers to the assumption of validity, not to evidence for real validity.

Predictive Validity (aka ...

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