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Youth and Corrections

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1. What correctional policies can be created from the principles of restorative justice (based on indigenous justice principles)? Are these values more compatible with some offenses than others? More appropriate for some types of offenders than others?

2. Can you explain why juveniles of color have higher rates of contact with the police than white youths? Support your answer with evidence.

3. Although studies reveal that African American, Hispanic, and Native American youth are treated more harshly than white youth at several stages of the juvenile justice process (even after the seriousness of the offense and the offender's prior juvenile record are taken into consideration), they do not tell us why these disparities occur. How would you explain these differences? Support your reasoning with evidence.

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Youth and Corrections is discussed in great detail in this solution.

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STEP 1

Correctional policies:
1. Offense against human relationships should be treated as a crime.
2. The injustice in a crime should be recognized and equity should be restored. There should not be incarceration that would make the person committing the inequity more alienated, and damages.
3. The things that have been damaged should be brought back as far as possible to the original state.
4. The state shall endeavor to rectify the harm brought to the primary victims of crime.
5. The crime should be used to teach the offender to learn new ways in life.
6. The police should take action immediately and should ensure the cooperation of the offender with minimum force and maximum voluntary cooperation.
7. The justice system will ensure that the offender provides support and cooperation to the victims of the crime.
8. The judge will decide about the action that the offender needs to take to provide restoration to the victim. This is true in those cases where the offender does not cooperate.
9. The police will carry out follow-up actions to ensure that accountability takes place.
10. The judicial system and the police will encourage the community to take active part in the restoration system.
This material is taken from the website: http://www.restorativejustice.org"Practices and programs reflecting restorative purposes will respond to crime by:
1. identifying and taking steps to repair harm,
2. involving all stakeholders, and
3. transforming the traditional relationship between communities and their governments in responding to crime.
"

Three principles form the foundation for restorative justice:

Justice requires that we work to restore those who have been injured.
Those most directly involved and affected by crime should have the opportunity to participate fully in the response if they wish.
Government's role is to preserve a just public order, and the community's is to build and maintain a just peace.
Restorative programmes are characterized by four key values:

Encounter: Create opportunities for victims, offenders and community members who want to do so to meet to discuss the crime and its aftermath
Amends: Expect offenders to take steps to repair the harm they have caused
Reintegration: Seek to restore victims and offenders to whole, contributing members of society
Inclusion: Provide opportunities for parties with a stake in a specific crime to participate in its resolution" http://www.restorativejustice.org
STEP 2
The juveniles of ...

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