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Juvenile Probation Uses

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1. What is the purpose of juvenile probation?

2. Identify some main conditions of juvenile probation and discuss the major responsibilities of the juvenile probation officer.

3. As a probation officer, what would be a good approach to "reaching" juveniles?

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Solution Summary

This solution discusses the purpose of juvenile probation. It also identifies some main conditions of juvenile probation and discusses the major responsibilities of the juvenile probation officer. As a probation officer, it also discusses what would be a good approach to "reaching" juveniles. References are provided.

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Juvenile Probation Department

Definition of Terms - Juvenile Probation and Court Processing

Referral
Citation issued to youth to appear before a Probation Officer or youth admitted to Juvenile Hall for allegedly committing a criminal act. Other law enforcement agencies and the courts also make referrals. Referrals go through a process of INTAKE, which determines how the case is to be handled.

Offense Types
Most juvenile offenses are described in broad terms in the State of California Welfare & Institutions: 300 - Dependency, 602- Law Violations, and 601 Status offenders. The Department of Social Services has responsibility for Dependants and Probation handles Law Violations and Status Offenders. Law violations may be further described by an actual law violations in codes such as Vehicle, Business and Professions, Traffic, Health and Safety and Penal Code. Status offenses involve youthful behavior such as running away, beyond parental control and truancy which would not be a crime if engaged in by an adult. Code Violations are used for referral reasons, petition reasons and petition sustained reasons.

Counts Law violations may involve "counts" which describe the number of instances of a particular crime. For example four different burglaries could be filed as four counts of burglary.

Levels of Offense
The level means felony, misdemeanor or infraction. The length of time one could conceivably spend in jail is defined by the level, felony being the most serious and misdemeanor the least. Infractions do not involve jail time.

707 of the Welfare and Institutions Code
is a specific offense category. This involves a court process where youth are "waived", "remanded" to the adult court as "unfit" for the services of the Juvenile Court. Proposition 21 refers to specified crimes in 707(b) which must be handled in a particular way. These crimes are very serious such as rape, murder or kidnapping. Proposition 21 provides for the District Attorney to prosecute these crimes without the Juvenile Court Judge's determination using what is termed a direct filing. Youth who are in Juvenile Hall will remain there even when they have been remanded until they reach age 18 years, because in ...

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