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Instrumentation Questions

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3. Describe the operation of an optical absolute shaft encoder.
How many tracks are required on an absolute shaft encoder to provide a measurement resolution of 1/20th of a degree?
If the transducer were to be used by adding gearing between the measurement shaft and the transducer, what is the minimum gearing ratio required?
Can you suggest a possible mechanical problem that might occur in trying to measure angular displacement in this way?
Why is this transducer not susceptible to temperature variations?

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3. Optical absolute shaft encoders are devices used in shafts of automated machines such as robots and automated manufacturing equipment. Optical absolute shaft encoders are used to be able to track the position of a rotating shaft. There is a binary-coded disk on the rotating shaft, with sections that are transparent and opaque to create a pattern. Infrared LEDs are used on one side of the shaft as transmitters, and infrared phototransistors are used at the other end as receivers. Infrared lights are emitted through the patterned sections of the disk, and the receiver interprets the patterns and outputs an equivalent binary code to be processed.
The number of tracks needed is:

Since for full count it needs ...

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