Atmosphere and pollution
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Describe 3 of the following:
1. Troposphere
2. Forms of air pollution
3. Characteristics of atmospheric radiation
4. Average major composition of the atmosphere
5. Diffusion and dispersion.
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Solution Summary
Troposphere is a lower portion of atmosphere. It extends about 8-16 km height from earth's surface and it contains 90% of atmospheric gas. Events like cloud formation, thundering, lighting etc occurs in troposphere. It is also known for the presece of different types of pollutans. The major forms of pollutants are NOx, SOx, CO, CO2 and particulate mater.
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1.Troposphere
• It is a lower portion of atmosphere
• It extends about 8-16 km height from earth's surface
• It contains 90% of atmospheric gas
• Upper layer which gradually merges with next layer is known as tropopause
• Events like cloud formation, thundering, lighting etc occurs in troposphere
• Air temperature decrease with height at the rate of 6.50C/km. It is also known as lapse rate
•
2. Forms of air pollution
Major Air pollutants are as follows:-
a. NOx - oxides of nitrogen
b. SOx - oxides of sulpher
c. CO & CO2
d. Particulate Mater
NOx
• Important forms of nitrogen oxides are N2O, NO, NO2, N2O4, N2O5
• Nitrogen oxide produce brown air or reddish brown haze
Important effect of nitrogen oxides are :
• They act on unsaturated hydrocarbon to form PAN
• Cause eye irritation, respiratory troubles, lung edema, blood congestion and dilation of arteries
• Produces lesions, necrosis, defoliation, die back and death of many plant
SOX
• Mostly occur in the form of SO2
• Produced in large quantities during smelting of metallic ore, burning of petroleum and coal
• It causes ACID ...
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