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database normal form

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1. Find or create a violation of 1st normal form and demonstrate how you would fix it.
2. Find or create a violation of 2nd normal form and demonstrate how you would fix it.
3. Find or create a violation of BCNF and demonstrate how you would fix it.
4. Find or create an example of a violation of a normal form that you would allow, tell why you are allowing the violation and explain how you would protect against anomalies.

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Solution Summary

This job helps ot find or create an example of a violation of a normal form that you would allow.

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1. Find or create a violation of 1st normal form and demonstrate how you would fix it.

First normal form requires each attribute in the relation is atomic.

For the Insurance relation in my design, if we combine Address, City, State, Zip four together called Address attribute, it will violate the first normal form. Because the combined Address attribute will have composite value.

The original Insurance table is like following:

Insurance
InsuranceID Single value
Name Single value
Address Single value
City Single value
State Single value
Zip Single value
Phone Single value
Deductible Single value
Cover_rate Single value

If we change the table to the following:

Insurance
InsuranceID Single value
Name Single value
Address Composite value
Phone Single value
Deductible Single value
Cover_rate Single value

In the new table, the address attribute will have composite value, including address, City, State and Zip, which will violate the first normal form. Because use the second design, we cannot trace the Zip, or State, or City information separately.
Because we cannot retrieve all the information we need using the second design, we should use the table we designed originally. We keep every attribute single valued. Not the second design.

2. Find or create a violation of 2nd normal form and demonstrate how you would fix it.

Second normal form requires that all attribute in the relation are fully functional depend on the primary key.

If we combine table PatientBill and table PatientPayment together in my design, it will violate the second normal form. Because the some of attribute in the relation are not fully ...

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