basic structure/architecture of CPUs
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1. The basic structure/architecture of CPUs
2. How CPUs can be designed and built using SSI, MSI, LSI, and VLSI
3. The functions served by the chips other than the microprocessor in a chipset
4. How instructions are represented and handled by the CPU
5. What aspects of physics and mathematics are important in the design of VLSI circuits
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Solution Summary
The basic structure/architecture of CPUs is demonstrated.
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Abbreviation of central processing unit, and pronounced as separate letters. The CPU is the brains of the computer. Sometimes referred to simply as the processor or central processor, the CPU is where most calculations take place. In terms of computing power, the CPU is the most important element of a computer system.
On large machines, CPUs require one or more printed circuit boards. On personal computers and small workstations, the CPU is housed in a single chip called a microprocessor.
Two typical components of a CPU are:
• The arithmetic logic unit (ALU), which performs arithmetic and logical operations.
The control unit, which extracts instructions from memory and decodes and executes them, calling on the ALU when necessary.
Basic structure
A processor's major functional components are:
• Core: The heart of a modern is the execution unit. The Pentium has two parallel integer pipelines enabling it to read, interpret, execute and despatch two instructions simultaneously.
• Branch Predictor: The branch prediction unit tries to guess which sequence will be executed each time the program contains a conditional jump, so that the Prefetch and Decode Unit can get the instructions ready in advance.
• Floating Point Unit: The third execution unit in a Pentium, where non-integer calculations are performed.
• Level 1 Cache: The Pentium has two on-chip caches of 8KB each, one for code and one for data, which are far quicker than the larger external secondary cache.
• Bus Interface: This brings a mixture of ...
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