Microbial Cultivation

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Toxoplasmosis is an infection with a parasite known as Toxoplasma gondii. This organism is

typically found in uncooked port, cat litter, and may also be present on raw vegetables that have not

been properly washed. The organism must enter a feline's body to complete its life cycle. It infects

humans by forming cysts in muscle tissues and the brain. It is estimated to be present in roughly 10-20%

of the UK population and 22% of the U.S. population. Many individuals carry the parasite as a latent

infection. Signs of active infection may include flu like symptoms, problems with the eyes, heart, or

brain, and a host of other organ related symptoms. However, many people who become infected with

the parasite do not have an active form of disease. It can cause the greatest illness in infants and those

with weakened immune systems.

However, it can be responsible for spontaneous abortion and stillbirth. A pregnant woman exposed to

the organism can pass it along to the unborn fetus. Adults with compromised immune systems, such as

those with HIV infection can suffer more active infections, as the latent cysts are reactivated.

Of recent interest are studies suggesting a correlation between T. gondii infection and

schizophrenia. Though genetic markers have also been identified as contributing to the psychiatric

disorder, the organism produces tyrosine hydroxylase, which contributes to dopamine production

(University of Leeds, 2008). Torrey & Yolken (2003) investigate the correlation by reviewing several

Past studies suggesting an infectious agent like T. gondii may be responsible for at least some cases of

Schizophrenia and Bipolar disorder. They also believe practitioners may have discovered a link between

Infectious organisms and psychiatric disorders as early as 1890.

In 13 studies conducted prior to 1980, Torrey & Yolken (2003) explain the methods used for

detection of toxoplasma gondii antibodies. The Sabin Feldman dye test ...