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Reactions and Fractures

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Hello I am having a few issues figuring out this. Please assist.

1.) Hello can someone help me figure out what type of reaction A is? (See attachment.)

2.) In addition, what does reaction B tell you about the type of molecule H2CO3 is?

3.) Lastly, In 1864, Lister observed that patients recovered completely from simple fractures, but compound fractures had "disastrous consequences." He knew that the application of phenol (carbolic acid) to fields in the town of Carlisle prevented cattle disease. In 1864, Lister treated compound fractures with phenol, and his patients recovered without complications. How was Lister influenced by Pasteur's work? Why was Koch's work still needed?

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Solution Summary

The following reaction and its features are discussed:
CO2 + H2O --> H2CO3

Listers treatment of fractures with phenols is also discussed.

Please see the attachement for fully formatted problems.

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1.) Hello can someone help me figure out what type of reaction A is?
Carbon dioxide dissolved in water is in equilibrium with carbonic acid (water attacks the carbon of carbon dioxide and the formed oxygen anion on the carbon, as a result takes on a proton).
CO2 + H2O  H2CO3
Carbon dioxide is hydrated in water, but it is in equilibrium (not 100% conversion to product)

2.) In ...

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