Pulmonary and Systemic
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(1) There are two circuits of blood flow to the body. Describe these two circuits in general terms. Beginning with the heart, which side of the heart pumps blood to each of the circuits?
(2) A separate circuit involving the coronary blood vessels serves the heart. Describe the vascular route of coronary circuit, and suggest reason(s) that we might wish to be even more familiar with the coronary circuit than the others.
(3) How does the red blood cell differ from other cells in its ability to divide and synthesize protein? Propose a reason that the red blood cell has no nucleus.
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Solution Summary
Pulmonary and Systemic Circuits are emphasized.
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1) The two circuits are as follows: Pulmonary and Systemic.
Pulmonary circuit - starts in the right ventricle with deoxygenated blood which is transferred to the lungs via the pulmonary artery. In the lungs the blood is oxygenated and is returned to the left atrium via the pulmonary vein.
Systemic circuit - Oxygen rich blood in the left atrium is pumped into the left ventricle and then to the body tissues via the aorta (the largest human artery). Blood is diverted from the aorta into smaller and smaller artery branches, eventually residing in capillaries. The capillaries serve as the location of transfer of oxygen and nutrients to the body tissues (and waste from tissues to the blood). Blood is then pushed into venules (small veins) and rejoin larger and larger veins, until all the blood is in the vena cava, which returns oxygen poor blood to the right atrium. From the right atrium it is pushed into the right ventricle for entry into the pulmonary circuit.
Source - personal knowledge and Campbell, N. A. (1996) "Biology" 4th Edition. The Benjamin/Cummings Publishing ...
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