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Partial pressures, gas exchange and respiratory measurments.

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1. Identify the partial pressures of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the systemic circulation, pulmonary arteries, and the alveoli.

2. Identify the main volumes measured and their purpose in a spirometry examination.

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Solution Summary

This solution describes the relationships between pressure gradients and the partial pressures in the circulation. It further provides a description of spirometry, a basic evaluation of respiratory function. The physiology responsible for gas transfer is discussed in detail.

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1. The partial pressures of oxygen (PO2) and carbon dioxide (CO2) have normal values which vary with age. For a **normal adult at rest** the values are...

Alveoli: PO2: 100 mmHg; PCO2: 40 mmHg
Entering the Alveolar capillaries from the Pulmonary Arteries: PO2: 40 mmHg; PCO2 45 mmHg
Exiting the Alveolar capillaries to the systemic circulation: PO2 100 mmHg; PCO2 40 mmHg
Entering the systemic circulation and its capillaries: PO2 100 mmHg; PCO2 40 mmHg
Leaving the interface with the cells of tissues and organs: PO2: 40 mmHg; PCO2 45 mmHg

Do you see what happened? The blood is oxygenated in the alveoli, and the gradient causes CO2 to diffuse out and O2 to diffuse in. By the time the blood is through the alveoli it is ...

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