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Many biological reactions proceed at far too slow a rate to make them metabolically effective. Is it the presence of enzymes that lowers the activation energy so that these reactions can take place? If not, then what?

ATP is considered a short-term form of energy for a cell. Are both fat and glycogen legitimate examples of long-term energy storage?

What is the overall energy source for producing ATP in A) plants and B) animals?

I know that if insufficient water was available to participate as a reactant in the process of photosynthesis, the plant converts to photorespiration where no cellular energy is produced. What respiratory process in animals is similar to photorespiration in that it produces little to no cellular energy?

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Many biological reactions proceed at far too slow a rate to make them metabolically effective. Is it the presence of enzymes that lowers the activation energy so that these reactions can take place? If not, then what?

Response: Yes, you are correct. Enzymes are catalysts which work by lowering the energy of activation for a biochemical reaction. By reducing the activation energy, the reactions are able to proceed at a more rapid pace, i.e. enzymes affect reaction kinetics, not their thermodynamics.

ATP is considered a short-term form of energy for a ...

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