Practice problems in human biology

1. The alimentary tube is around _____ meters long.
A. 2
B. 4
C. 6
D. 9

2. The processes of chewing are referred to as ______
A. churning
B. mastication
C. peristalsis
D. deglutition

3. How many teeth does an average adult have?
A. 20
B. 32
C. 30
D. 52

4. The term wisdom tooth refers to the _____ tooth.
A. incisor
B. third molar
C. second bicuspid
D. first cuspid

5. The portion of the tooth which lies within the mandible socket is called the
A. dentin
B. crown
C. root
D. cementum

6. Which part of a tooth most closely resembles bone tissue?
A. enamel
B. cementum
C. dentin
D. gingiva

7. A hiatal hernia is a weakness in the _____ muscle, which allows a portion of the digestive tract to enter the thoracic cavity.
A. diaphragm
B. stomach
C. intestinal
D. thoracic wall

8. The _____ prevents food from entering the small intestine.
A. cardiac sphincter
B. pyloric sphincter
C. ileo-colic valve
D. sphincter of Oddi

9. Which of these is an enzyme found in the pancreas?
A. trypsin
B. ribonuclease
C. cholecystokinin
D. chymocytosin

10. Which organ has the most metabolically active cells and secrets bile?
A. pancreas
B. liver
C. stomach
D. small intestine

11. Which organ produces and secretes bile?
A. liver
B. gallbladder
C. pancreas
D. duodenum

12. The cystic duct directly receives the fluids from the ______ which stores bile.
A. liver
B. gallbladder
C. pancreas
D. duodenum

13. Bile facilitates digestion by causing the ______ of fats.
A. hydrolysis
B. digestion
C. catalysis
D. emulsification

14. The finger-like extensions inside the small intestine are called _____ and increase the surface area.
A. microlumen
B. villi
C. lacteals
D. lumens

15. Most of the absorption of nutrients occurs in the ______
A. colon
B. large intestine
C. small intestine
D. stomach

16. Compared to the others listed below, which type of tooth is more likely to be involved in grinding food?
A. incisor
B. cuspid
C. premolar
D. molar

17. What mouth part helps to mix food with saliva, moves food toward the pharynx for swallowing, and houses taste receptor cells?
A. lips
B. palate
C. tongue
D. cheeks

18. The pancreas secretes enzymes that enter the small intestine and chemically digest chyme. Choose the enzyme that breaks down fats.
A. carboxypeptidase
B. pancreatic lipase
C. trypsinogen
D. pancreatic amylase

19. What is the primary function of the large intestine?
A. to complete the absorption of most nutrients
B. to house gas-producing bacteria
C. to rid the body of toxins
D. to compact, store, and eliminate feces

20. Where does the greatest amount of digestion occur?
A. small intestine
B. stomach
C. large intestine
D. liver

21. Which term does not belong with the others?
A. teeth
B. mastication
C. esophagus
D. tongue

22. The portion of a tooth above the gums is the _____
A. dentin
B. crown
C. root
D. pulp

23. All of the following are parts of the tooth except:
a. dentine
b. root canal
c. enamel
d. duct

24. The root canal of a tooth contains:
a. Dentine
b. cementum
c. blood vessels
d. gingiva

25. Peristalsis (contractions of muscles) occurs in the digestive tract
a. from the pharynx to the anus
b. in the stomach and small intestine only
c. in the small and large intestines only
d. in the stomach, small intestine, and large intestine only

26. The so-called wisdom teeth are actually the four last molars.
A. True
B. False

27. The area called the vermiform appendix apparently serves no digestive function in humans.
A. True
B. False