ADHD in Children, Treatment, and Cultural Implications

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Child development is the scientific study of processes of change and stability from conception through adolescence. There are a number of various developmental theories that focus on child development. The ideal development of children is considered crucial to society and so it is important to understand the cognitive, physical, and psychosocial development of children. While developmental theories are controversial and each theory differs somewhat, these theories help to explain human development as well as give parents a guide to use when assessing the development of their own children. Developmental theories can also assist in diagnosing and the treatment of mental health in children and adolescents. One area of concern that is gaining greater momentum in today's society is Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder (ADHD).

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is the most common behavior disorder that shows itself during childhood. The most common place for ADHD to be noticed is in the classroom. Children are expected to quietly sit, pay attention and listen to the teacher, and steadily work on an assignment or project. It is during these times that ADHD often becomes evident. A child with ADHD often runs through the classroom, is easily distracted by extraneous stimuli, have a difficult time sustaining attention during lessons or even play activities. They often disrupt the class, and interrupts during conversations and games to which they are not included (2). Boys are two to 4 times more likely to be diagnosed with ADHD; however, this discrepancy could be due to teacher bias (6).

ADHD not only can affect a child academically but socially, emotionally, and basic daily functioning. Research has shown that children with ADHD are at a greater risk for ...