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Sleep Disorders

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What are some examples of sleep disorders? What impact do these disorders have on behavior?

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Solution Summary

According to the DSM-IV-TR criteria, this solution discusses examples of sleep disorders, as well as the impact these disorders have on behavior. Treatments for these disorders are also included.

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RESPONSE:

Let's take a closer look at these interesting questions.

1. What are some examples of sleep disorders? What impact do these disorders have on behavior?

According to DSM-IV-TR, the primary Sleep disorders are divided into two subcategories:

1. DYSSOMNIAS are those disorders relating to the amount, quality, and timing of sleep.

2. PARACOMNIAS relate to abnormal behavior or physiological events that occur during the process of sleep or sleep-wake transitions. DSM -IV-TR uses the term primary to differentiate these sleep disorders from other sleep disorders that are caused by outside factors, such as another mental disorder, medical disorder, or substance use.

I. DYSSONMIAS

There are several sleep categories unders DSM-IV-TR for Dyssomnias including:

o Hypersomnia (and Hypersomnia Related to Another Mental Disorder)
o Insomnia (and Insomnia Related to Another Mental Disorder)
o Narcolepsy
o Other types include: Dyssomnia NOS (307.47); Breathing-Related Sleep Disorder; and Circadian Rhythm Sleep Disorder) (see http://www.behavenet.com/capsules/disorders/dsm4classification.htm#Sleep).

Let's look at the three primary dyssomnia, the related affect of behavior and treatments:

(a) PRIMARY INSOMNIA: The criteria for a diagnosis of primary insomnia include a difficulty falling asleep, remaining asleep, or receiving restorative sleep for a period no less than one month. This disturbance in sleep must cause significant distress or impairment in social, occupational, or other important functions and does not appear exclusively during the course of another mental or medical disorder or during the use of alcohol, medication, or other substances. (http://allpsych.com/disorders/sleep/insomnia.html)

Treatment:

Treatment often involves relaxation and adhering to a predetermined sleep cycle. The individual sets a schedule of when he or she will sleep and does not allow sleep to occur at any other time. For instance, she may get into bed at 11pm each night and get out of bed at 6am every morning regardless of the amount of sleep that occurs. No sleeping would be allowed during the day and the individual would engage in exercise, healthy eating, and would then use relaxation techniques prior to the scheduled sleep time.

(b) PRIMARY HYPERSOMNIA: The criteria for primary hypersomnia include excessive sleepiness for at least one month as evidences by prolonged sleep during the night or excessive daytime sleep. This must cause significant distress or impairment for the individual and can not occur exclusively during another mental illness, medical condition, or substance use. (http://allpsych.com/disorders/sleep/hypersomnia.html)

Treatment:

Treatment can include medication, exercise, changes in diet or other techniques employed to ...

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