Family Development: Intergenerational, Person- Environment

1. The term "dependency ratio" refers to:

a. The number of elderly who will need family support to survive.
b. The number of children who will be raised by grandparents and
extended family members instead of by natural parents.
c. The number of persons not gainfully employed compared to persons
who are in the workforce and will pay taxes and contribute to social
security.
d. The total number of persons who utilize welfare/public services.

2. Marcia suggests that the process of developing identity is organized in four categories. The category wherein a person has never seriously
considered all the alternatives for identity, but instead has committed
to an identity based on what others think their identity should be
(parents, peers, etc.) is called:

a. Foreclosure
b. Moratorium
c. Identity Diffusion
d. Identity Achievement

3. Robert Havighurst's list of specific developmental tasks faced by
middle-aged individuals includes all of the following, EXCEPT:

a. Reaching and maintaining satisfactory performance in one's job.
b. Assuming social and civic responsibility.
c. Developing leisure-time activities.
d. Developing initial sense of identity.

4. Robert Havighurst's list of specific developmental tasks faced by
the elderly individual includes all of the following, EXCEPT:

a. Establishing an explicit association with one's age group.
b. Establishing satisfactory physical living arrangements.
c. Establishing a satisfactory career orientation.
d. Adopting and adapting societal roles in a flexible way.

5. The type of research design that compares groups of different
people varying in age at the same time is called:

a. Longitudinal design.
b. Cross-sectional design.
c. Cohort design.
d. Time-lag design.

6. According to the Representative Filter Theory of how people
select marriage partners, the process of mate selection involves
the use of a series of "filters" that screen out unacceptable
candidates. The filter that involves the geographic closeness
of the candidate to the person making a selection is called:

a. Propinquity
b. Social Background
c. Readiness
d. Attractiveness

7. Burton and Dilworth-Anderson's study of intergenerational
family structures among black families listed three types
of family structures, including all of the following EXCEPT:

a. Vertical intergenerational family structure
b. Inverted intergenerational family structure
c. Age-condensed family structure
d. Substitutional family structure.

8. Studies of sexual behavior have revealed that sexual activity
declines with age. The reasons for this include all of the
following EXCEPT:

a. Biologically the sex drive, especially the drive to procreate, diminishes
with age.
b. Social factors, such as increasing demands of work, commuting, taking care of children, and managing a complicated life in modern
times.
c. Sexual stereotypes, which suggest that sexual activity is not appropriate for the old.
d. Increased gender-role differences as men and women age.

9. Studies of attitudes regarding extramarital sex indicate that:

a. People are becoming more and more tolerant of extramarital sex.
b. People consider extramarital sex more acceptable for married women than married men.
c. People view sexual fidelity as essential to the marital contract.
d. Whether a person remains faithful depends on the behavior of their
spouse.

10. Holland's "person-environment fit" model of choice of a vocation has
identified 6 personality types, including all of the following EXCEPT:

a. Phlegmatic
b. Realistic
c. Conventional
d. Enterprising

11. In Holland's "person-environment fit" model, the personality that
is conformist, practical, conservative, neat and correct, but lacks
spontaneity, originality and flexibility is:

a. Artistic
b. Realistic
c. Conventional
d. Enterprising

12. A person's long term memory is divided into two subcategories of
memory. One subcategory is Episodic Memory, and the other is:

a. Echoic Memory
b. Sensory Memory
c. Working Memory
d. Semantic Memory

13. Piaget's stage of cognitive development which involves the ability
to use mental operations on abstract material is the:

a. Preoperational stage.
b. Formal operations stage.
c. Concrete operations stage.
d. Postoperational stage.

14. The theory of aging that holds that aging occurs because genetic
mechanisms begin to use inaccurate, distorted information is called:

a. The genetic mutation theory.
b. The heritability theory
c. The cellular breakdown theory
d. The stochastic theory.

15. The theory that aging occurs because proteins called collagen and
and elastin, which compose the connective tissue in skin and other
parts of the body, form bonds either within the protein molecule
or between molecules, resulting in decreased efficiency of heart and
lungs and elevated blood pressure is called the:

a. Cross-linking theory.
b. Stochastic theory.
c. Wear-and-Tear theory
d. Error catastrophe theory