Integrate sin(bx)/sinh(ax) from zero to infinity
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Do the integral (0 --> infinity) using contour integration:
J(a,b) = dx sin(bx)/sinh(ax)
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Solution Summary
We explain in detail using the methods of complex analysis, how to evaluate the integral.
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We note that the integrand is an even function of x, so we can write:
J(a,b) = 1/2 Integral from minus to plus infinity of sin(bx)/sinh(ax) dx
It is convenent to scale out eiter of the constants a or b. Let's get rid of a by putting ax = u:
J(a,b) = 1/(2a) Integral from minus to plus infinity of sin(b/a u)/sinh(u) du
If we put k = b/a, then we can write:
Integral from minus to plus infinity of sin(k x)/sinh(x) dx =
Integral from minus to plus infinity of Im[exp(i k x)]/sinh(x) dx =
Limit epsilon to zero of
Integral from minus infinity to minus epsilon and then from epsilon to plus infinity of Im[exp(i k x)]/sinh(x) dx =
Limit epsilon to zero of
Im [ Integral from minus infinity to minus epsilon and then from epsilon to plus infinity of exp(i k x)/sinh(x) dx ] =
Limit epsilon to zero and R to infinity of
Im [ Integral from minus R to minus epsilon and then from epsilon to R of exp(i k x)/sinh(x) dx ] (1)
To evaluate this, we first assume k that k>=0 and consider the contour integral of exp(i k z)/sinh(z) from -R to -epsilon, and then along a counterclockwise semi-circle of radius epsilon with center the origin, we travel from minus epsilon to epsilon, and then from epsilon we go to R, and then along a counterclockwise semi-circle of radius R with center the origin, we travel back from R to minus R.
Then this contour integral includes ...
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