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relationship between the project and product life cycles

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Concerning the project life cycle and required project management skills answer the following questions:
What major tasks occur at each of the four project phases?
What is the role of the project sponsor?
How do you determine who are project stakeholders?
What are the skills needed to be a successful project manager?
Make sure that you briefly describe why each of the listed tasks is critical to the success of the project and how each of the listed skills helps the project manager.

Concerning the relationship between the project and product life cycles, answer the following questions:
What additional phases does the product life cycle have that the project life cycle does not have?
What is the spiral model? How is the spiral model applied to the product life cycle of a set of software releases such as the Microsoft Windows family as it evolves?
How can the product life cycle stages be extended to reap more profit from a product?
Your assignment should include the following:

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The relationship between the project and product life cycles is noted.

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Tasks which is occur at four different phases

? Preliminary investigation: This is the first phase and consists of the brief survey of the areas involved and will results in taking the project into the next phases. The phase is initiated by the management, who perceive the need because of the changes or the expected changes in the business environment, limitation or the failures of the existing system, or the awareness of technological advances relating to the particular area involved in particular system, which the competitors are developing. Information system projects originates for many reasons; to achieve the greater speed in the processing data, better accuracy and improved consistency, faster information retrieval, integration of business areas, reduced cost and better security. The major tasks involved in the preliminary investigation is as follows
o Request Clarification: Many requests from the employees and users in the organization are not clearly stated. Therefore, before any project can be considered, the project request must be examined to determine precisely what the originator wants. This initial study involves estimating whether or not a development project is worthwhile or not. Problems with the current automated or the manual system is identified, as well as the benefits and cost of the alternative system. If the benefit seems to outweigh the costs, a green signal may be given to continue the project, and the detailed plans and schedules are drafted for making the system a reality. During this study, the system analyst will be concerned with
 How the present system works?
 The staffing level involved, their grades and duties?
 The volume of work; statistics on the various types of the transaction, level of overtime working, employment of casual staff.
 Any current backlog of work and any seasonal influences on the workload.
 The time taken to process the data through the system, delays in issuing management reports.
 Lists of all the documents, files and reports associated with the system.
 Interfaces with other system.
o Feasibility Study: Four tests of the feasibility tasks are studies and all are equally important.
 Technical Feasibility: It involves determining whether or not a system can be actually be constructed to solve the problem at hand. Some users expect too mush of the computers, assuming that the computers can accurately predict the future, immediately reflects all the information in an organization, easily understood speech, or figure out how to handle difficult problems. The technical tasks which is raised during this feasibility stage is as follows
? To know whether the necessary technology exists to do what it is suggested?
? To know about the whether the proposed equipment has the technical capacity to hold the data required using the new system?
? Having the task of knowing whether the system is expanded, if developed.
? Are there are the technical guarantees of accuracy, ease of access and data security?
 Operational Feasibility Proposed projects are of course beneficial only if they can be turned into information system that will meet the organizations operating requirements. Simply stated, the main task at this stage is to know whether the systems will works when developed and installed. Another tasks which is to be implemented at this stages is as follows
? To know whether there is sufficient support for the project from the management?
? To know whether the current business methods are acceptable to users?
 Political Feasibility: It is perhaps the most powerful types of the feasibility, but it is never formally included in a system study document. The feasibility includes the extension of the management support for changes to the present system.
 Economic Feasibility :It involves the tasks of estimating the benefits and costs.
? System Analysis: The hearts of the system analysis is aimed at acquiring a detailed understanding of all the important concepts of the business area that is under investigation. For this reason, this activity is often termed the detailed investigation. This is the critical stage of the development of the computer-based system and during this phase responsibility for ensuring that all the requirements are clearly defined rests with the users. The major task in this phase is to provide a comprehensive description of the present system and operations.
? System Design: The design of an information system produces the details that state how a system will meet the requirements identified during the system analysis. As soon as the user accepts the system proposal, work can start on preparing the system specification. The major tasks at this stage are
o Preparation for the details of the input transactions
o Preparation for the detailed of the printed reports, screens and other outputs.
o Preparation of the ...

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