Automata and Computability
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An undirected graph is bipartite if its nodes may divided into two sets so that all edges go from a node in one set to a node in the other set. Show that a graph is bipartite if and only if it doesn't contain a cycle that has an odd number of nodes.
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Problem 39
An undirected graph is bipartite if its nodes may divided into two sets so that all edges go from a node in one set to a node in the other set. Show that a graph is bipartite if and only if it doesn't contain a cycle that has an odd number of nodes.
Let
BIPARTITE = {G | G is bipartite graph}.
Show that BIPARTITE NL.
Solution.
First we show that if a graph is bipartite, it must not contain a cycle with
an odd number of nodes. Suppose it did contain such a cyle. Label the
nodes n1; n2; ::::n2k; n2k+1. Clearly, if n1 is in some set A, then n2 must
be in set B, so n3 must be in set A, etc. By induction, we see ...
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