Operations Management: Scheduling
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Please summarize and discuss what scheduling is.
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Scheduling:
Scheduling involves providing when labor, equipment and facilities are required to produce a certain product or service. Techniques applied in scheduling do vary depending on type of production process or operations being carried out. Scheduling determines which machine a part will be routed for processing, the worker who will operate the machine and order in which the parts are to be processed. Scheduling is important in that it assists in meeting customer due dates, reducing job lateness, reducing completion time, maximizing on labor and machine utilization, and also to minimize work in progress inventory. Russell & Taylor (2009) provide that the production control department is responsible for loading, sequencing, and monitoring.
Loading involves assigning jobs to limited resources and checking whether materials, machines and labor are available. Jobs should be assigned to individuals who can perform them the best and to a machine that can perform the task efficiently. A linear programming solution referred to as assignment method is used to worker to task and job to machine. Sequencing entails releasing work orders in the shop and providing dispatch lists for each machine. It is important to sequence tasks especially when more than one task is assigned to a machine in order to determine priority. Sequencing can categorized into first come, first served or last come, first served other methods of sequencing include earliest due date, highest customer priority and also tasks can be sequenced based on similar set up requirements. Russell & Taylor (2009) provides that variations on earliest due date includes minimum lack and smallest critical ratio whereby slack compares work remaining against time remaining to perform that work whereby jobs that have minimum slack are processed first. Slack is provided as;
SLACK = (due date - today's date) - (processing time)
Critical ratio on the other hand is determined through the ...
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