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Ketone Bodies

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What are the ketone bodies? Why do they have that name, and how do they arise in metabolism? Explain why they accumulate under conditions of carbohydrate starvation or in diabetes.

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Solution Summary

The solution discusses ketone bodies. How these arise in metabolism are determined. The expert explains why they accumulate under conditions of carbohydrate starvation or in diabetes. The Krebs Cycle is analyzed.

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ANSWER:
There are 3 known ketone bodies namely: ACETOACETATE , ACETONE and BETA-HYDROXYBUTYRATE. They are formed through the pathway known as KETOGENESIS using Acetyl-Coa as precursor. Please see the following figure for ketogenesis.

THE KETOGENESIS PATHWAY
ACETOACETATE, ACETONE and BETA-HYDROXYBUTYRATE are collectively known as ketone bodies, primarily because of the presence of the ketone group (C=O) in their structure, except of course for beta-hydroxybutyrate. However, the OH group in beta-hydroxybutyrate is actually formed through reduction of the ketone ...

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