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Nigericin and Valinomycin's Effect On Electron Transport Chain

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Nigericin is an ionophore that exchanges K+ for H+ across membranes. Explain how the treatment of functioning mitochondria with nigericin uncouples electron transport form oxidative phosphorylation. Does valinomycin, an ionophore that transports K+ but not H+, do the same? Explain.

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Explanation of the effect of each chemical on a cell's ETC.

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Oxidative phosphorylation is the production of ATP from the electrochemical proton gradient (H+) across the mitochondrial membrane. It is the free energy stored in this gradient which is tapped into in order to phosphorylate ADP to ATP. Remember, the phosphorylation of ADP requires available free energy. Where does the free energy come from? It comes from the electrical and chemical gradient from the H+ that were pumped across the membrane during the electron transport process. Remember the process. The flow of electrons through the electron transport chain, results in the transfer of H+ ...

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