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hypothesis testing for multiple populations and regression

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Hypothesis Testing

1. The MBA department is concerned that dual degree students may be receiving lower grades than the regular MBA students. Two independent random samples have been selected. 100 observations from population 1 (dual degree students) and 100 from population 2 (MBA students). The sample means obtained are X1(bar)=84 and X2(bar)=87. It is known from previous studies that the population variances are 4.0 and 5.0 respectively. Using a level of significance of .10, is there evidence that the dual degree students are receiving lower grades? Fully explain your answer.

Simple Regression
2. A CEO of a large pharmaceutical company would like to determine if he should be placing more money allotted in the budget next year for television advertising of a new drug marketed for controlling asthma. He wonders whether there is a strong relationship between the amount of money spent on television advertising for this new drug called XBC and the number of orders received. The manufacturing process of this drug is very difficult and requires stability so the CEO would prefer to generate a stable number of orders. The cost of advertising is always an important consideration in the phase I roll-out of a new drug. Data that have been collected over the past 20 months indicate the amount of money spent of television advertising and the number of orders received.
The use of linear regression is a critical tool for a manager's decision-making ability. Please carefully read the example below and try to answer the questions in terms of the problem context. The results are as follows:

Month Advertising Cost (thousands of dollars) Number of Orders
1 $55.93 4,102,000
2 70.62 3,893,000
3 79.58 5,299,000
4 58.67 4,130,000
5 69.18 4,367,000
6 70.14 4,111,000
7 73.37 3,923,000
8 68.88 4,935,000
9 82.99 5,276,000
10 75.23 4,654,000
11 71.38 4,398,000
12 52.90 2,967,000
13 61.27 3,999,000
14 79.19 4,345,000
15 60.03 3,934,000
16 78.21 4,653,000
17 93.77 5,625,000
18 62.53 3,978,000
19 88.76 4,999,000
20 92.64 5,834,000
a. Set up a scatter diagram and calculate the associated correlation coefficient. Discuss how strong you think the relationship is between the amount of money spent on television advertising and the number of orders received. Please use the Correlation procedures within Excel under Tools > Data Analysis. The Scatterplot can more easily be generated using the Chart procedure.
NOTE: If you do not have the Data Analysis option under Tools you must install it. You need to go to Tools select Add-ins and then choose the 2 data toolpak options. The original Excel CD will be required for this installation. It should take about a minute.
b. Assuming there is a statistically significant relationship, use the least squares method to find the regression equation to predict the advertising costs based on the number of orders received. Please use the regression procedure within Excel under Tools > Data Analysis to construct this equation.
c. Interpret the meaning of the slope, b1, in the regression equation.
d. Predict the monthly advertising cost when the number of orders is 4,999,000. (Hint: Be very careful with assigning the dependent variable for this problem)
e. Compute the coefficient of determination, r2, and interpret its meaning.
f. Compute the standard error of estimate, and interpret its meaning.
Hypothesis Testing on Multiple Populations
3. The Course Manager for AMBA 601 wants to use a new tutorial to teach the students about business ethics. As an experiment she randomly selected 15 students and randomly assigned them to one of three groups which include either a PowerPoint presentation created by the faculty, AuthorGen Presentation created by the faculty, or a well known tutorial by the ABC company. After completing their assigned tutorial, the students are given a Business Ethics test. At the .05 significance level, can she conclude that there is a difference between how well the different tutorials work for the students?
Students Grades on the Business Ethics Test following the Tutorial

PowerPoint Tutorial AuthorGen Tutorial ABC Tutorial
75 89 81
85 86 83
90 82 75
87 90 86
86 91 81

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Solution Summary

This post answers three questions on hypothesis testing, simple regression and hypothesis testing on multiple populations. Could be used as a good practice exercise.

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See the attached file for complete solution. The text here may not be copied exactly as some of the symbols / tables may not print. Thanks

"Hypothesis Testing

1. The MBA department is concerned that dual degree students may be receiving lower grades than the regular MBA students. Two independent random samples have been selected. 100 observations from population 1 (dual degree students) and 100 from population 2 (MBA students). The sample means obtained are X1(bar)=84 and X2(bar)=87. It is known from previous studies that the population variances are 4.0 and 5.0 respectively. Using a level of significance of .10, is there evidence that the dual degree students are receiving lower grades? Fully explain your answer.
"
Dual Degree MBA
Number of observations (n) 100 100
Mean 84.000 87.000
Standard Deviation 4.000 5.000
1. State the null & alternative hypotheses - remember that the
alternative hypothesis is our research question
H0 mean grades received by dual degree students =mean grades received by MBA degree students
H1 mean grades received by dual degree students mean grades received by MBA degree students

This is one tail test. As n1 and n2 >30, we will use z-test
Level of significance 0.10

Calculate the test statistics

Since this is a two sample case, we need to calculate the pooled estimate of standard error
First we need to check whether the variance of two samples is same or not.

F=s2^2/s1^2 1.5625
F critical for df of numerator 99 df in denominator 99
At significance level 1%
F Critical statistics 1.60
Since F critical is more than Fobserved.
Thus we fail to reject that two variances are not equal.
We can use the following formula for pooled standard error.

Pooled standard error 0.64

Z value -4.69

The critical value at 10% significance level -1.64

Decision rule is if the observed value of z lies below the acceptable region we will fail to reject the null.
Since observed value of z is -0.64 is to the right of -1.64, we fail to reject the null hypothesis.
At 10% ...

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