Calculating the mean and variance for different portfolios.
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Calculating the mean and variance for different portfolios.
David wants to invest his $4 million inheritance. He walks into Stock-o-rama and examines the information about four particular stocks. David will sell his stocks after exactly one year.
Each of the stocks will pay out a particular amount in one year, times the amount invested. According to the experts at Stock-o-rama, the following vectors represent the mean return per dollar invested for each stock, and the standard deviations of each stock's return.
Stock 1 Stock 2 Stock 3 Stock 4
Mean 1.04 1.09 1.03 1.07
Standard Deviation 0.03 0.04 0.01 0.05
So, if David invests $1 million in Stock 1, then the mean amount of money he will get in one year is $1.04 million, and the standard deviation of the amount of money is $0.03 million.
The Stock-o-rama experts also claim that the returns of the four stocks are relevant to each other. The following matrix represents the correlation of each stock with each other.
Stock 1 Stock 2 Stock 3 Stock 4
Stock 1 1 -0.06 0.44 0.71
Stock 2 -0.06 1 0.09 0.60
Stock 3 0.44 0.09 1 -0.81
Stock 4 0.71 0.60 -0.81 1
David will invest his $4 million in these four stocks, and cares about the amount of money he will get in one year. His portfolio will be worth the sum of the worth of the stocks he buys.
He likes making a lot of money, but doesn't like the risk of a high variance. He decides to choose his portfolio based on the following formula. If represents the mean amount of money his portfolio will be worth in one year, and represents the variance of that amount of money, then David wants to maximize
where t = $5 million.(Here, t is a measure of David's fear of high variance, known as David's risk tolerance) Which of the following portfolios will David prefer?
a) $4 million invested in Stock 2
b) $2 million each in Stock 2 and Stock 4
c) $2 million each in Stock 3 and Stock 4
d) $1 million in each stock
And calculate the mean and variance of each of the four portfolios a, b, c, and d.
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Solution Summary
David wants to invest his $4 million inheritance. He walks into Stock-o-rama and examines the information about four particular stocks. David will sell his stocks after exactly one year.
Each of the stocks will pay out a particular amount in one year, times the amount invested. According to the experts at Stock-o-rama, the following vectors represent the mean return per dollar invested for each stock, and the standard deviations of each stock's return.
Stock 1 Stock 2 Stock 3 Stock 4
Mean 1.04 1.09 1.03 1.07
Standard Deviation 0.03 0.04 0.01 0.05
So, if David invests $1 million in Stock 1, then the mean amount of money he will get in one year is $1.04 million, and the standard deviation of the amount of money is $0.03 million.
The Stock-o-rama experts also claim that the returns of the four stocks are relevant to each other. The following matrix represents the correlation of each stock with each other.
Stock 1 Stock 2 Stock 3 Stock 4
Stock 1 1 -0.06 0.44 0.71
Stock 2 -0.06 1 0.09 0.60
Stock 3 0.44 0.09 1 -0.81
Stock 4 0.71 0.60 -0.81 1
David will invest his $4 million in these four stocks, and cares about the amount of money he will get in one year. His portfolio will be worth the sum of the worth of the stocks he buys.
He likes making a lot of money, but doesn't like the risk of a high variance. He decides to choose his portfolio based on the following formula. If represents the mean amount of money his portfolio will be worth in one year, and represents the variance of that amount of money, then David wants to maximize
where t = $5 million.(Here, t is a measure of David's fear of high variance, known as David's risk tolerance) Which of the following portfolios will David prefer?
a) $4 million invested in Stock 2
b) $2 million each in Stock 2 and Stock 4
c) $2 million each in Stock 3 and Stock 4
d) $1 million in each stock
And calculate the mean and variance of each of the four portfolios a, b, c, and d.
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a) $4 million invested in Stock 2, then the mean amount of money he will get in one year is Xm=$4*1.09=4.36 million=4360000$, and the standard deviation of the amount of money is Sd=$0.04 million=40000$.
So variance of the money is Standard deviation squared: V=Sd^2=40000^2=1,600,000,000
While David wants to maximize F=Xm-1/2(V/t)
Then Fa=4360000-1/2*(1,600,000,000/5000000)=4,359,840
b) $2 million each in Stock 2 and Stock 4
the mean amount of money he will get in one year is
Xm=2*1.09+2*1.07=4.32 million=4320000$,
The stock weights are w2=2/4=0.5 and w4=2/4=0.5
the standard deviation of stocks are ...
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