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Test of hypothesis using chi square test of independence

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The data in the table below are based on data from a Time magazine article. Use a 0.05 significance level to test the claim that whether a subject had low birth weight or normal birth weight is independent of whether the subject graduates from high school by age 19.
Do the results show that low birth weight causes people to not graduate from high school by age 19?

Graduated from High School by age 19 Did not graduate from high school by age 19
Low birth weight 8 42
Normal Birth Weight 86 64

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Solution Summary

The solution tests the claim that whether a subject had low birth weight or normal birth weight is independent of whether the subject graduates from high school by age 19.

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